{"id":11347,"date":"2025-07-14T20:00:42","date_gmt":"2025-07-14T18:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=11347"},"modified":"2025-07-14T20:59:02","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T18:59:02","slug":"verlaine-a-rimbaud-zamilovani-umelci-propadli-spolecne-temnote","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/verlaine-a-rimbaud-zamilovani-umelci-propadli-spolecne-temnote\/","title":{"rendered":"Verlaine a Rimbaud: Zamilovan\u00ed um\u011blci propadli spole\u010dn\u00e9 temnot\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vnit\u0159n\u00ed a citov\u00e9 rozpory zni\u010dily ji\u017e nem\u00e1lo um\u011blc\u016f. Vedle Oscara Wilda je to t\u0159eba i p\u0159\u00edpad dekadentn\u00edch b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f Paula Verlaina a Arthura Rimbauda. Verlainovi milostn\u00fd vztah s arogantn\u00edm mlad\u00ed\u010dkem rozvr\u00e1til cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/strong><\/p>
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B\u00e1sn\u00edk Paul Verlaine \u017eije v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei spokojen\u00fdm man\u017eelsk\u00fdm \u017eivotem. Se \u017eenou bydl\u00ed v\u00a0dom\u011b jej\u00edch rodi\u010d\u016f a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee p\u00e1ru ke \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nic nesch\u00e1z\u00ed. To se zm\u011bn\u00ed pot\u00e9, co Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed mlad\u00fd rebelsk\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk Arthur Rimbaud.<\/p>
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Jeho osobnost Verlainovi velmi imponuje a zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee je to kv\u016fli mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9mu talentu, kter\u00fd mlad\u00edk bezesporu ukr\u00fdv\u00e1. Z\u00e1hy ale zjist\u00ed, \u017ee jej k\u00a0nezral\u00e9mu mu\u017ei t\u00e1hne n\u011bco v\u00edc ne\u017e jen obdiv a spole\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1liba ve skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ver\u0161\u016f.<\/p>
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\u00dapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00a0bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed se zrod\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fd milostn\u00fd vztah a Verlaine je Rimbaudem natolik pobl\u00e1zn\u011bn a okouzlen, \u017ee kv\u016fli n\u011bmu dokonce opust\u00ed svou \u017eenu Mathildu. To se ale nestane ze dne na den.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kone\u010dn\u00e9mu rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed st\u00e1le ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed konflikty, v\u00fdbuchy n\u00e1sil\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed pokorn\u00e9 omluvy, odchody, n\u00e1vraty, v\u00fd\u010ditky, pl\u00e1\u010d, \u017eehr\u00e1n\u00ed. A ve v\u0161em tom zmaru se rozv\u00edj\u00ed milostn\u00fd vztah Verlaina a Rimbauda, kter\u00e9 je oba pomalu, ale jist\u011b p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00e1hub\u011b.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Tak n\u011bjak popisuje p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh dvou zn\u00e1m\u00fdch proklet\u00fdch francouzsk\u00fdch b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f v\u00a0kontroverzn\u00edm um\u011bleck\u00e9m filmu \u00dapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed re\u017eis\u00e9rka Agnieszka Hollandov\u00e1. A dlu\u017eno podotknout, \u017ee jej\u00ed verze vid\u011bn\u00ed symbolistick\u00e9, impresionistick\u00e9 a dekadentn\u00ed doby, v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e oba mu\u017ei \u017eili, se pom\u011brn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed verze historick\u00e9.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure>
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Doba pesimismu a beznad\u011bje<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pohnut\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fdch b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f byl \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b produktem doby, v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e oba \u017eili. Rychl\u00fd r\u016fst \u017eivotn\u00edho tempa v\u00a019. stolet\u00ed vedl v\u00a0kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku u ur\u010dit\u00fdch citliv\u00fdch jedinc\u016f k\u00a0pocit\u016fm protich\u016fdn\u00fdm.<\/p>
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M\u00edsto radosti z\u00a0nast\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch zm\u011bn a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho rozvoje spole\u010dnosti to byly katastrofick\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy, chaos a dezorientace. Jejich vlivem doch\u00e1zelo v\u00a0um\u011bn\u00ed k\u00a0r\u016fstu nap\u011bt\u00ed, neshod, k\u00a0v\u011bnov\u00e1n\u00ed kritick\u00e9 pozornosti ka\u017edodenn\u00ed realit\u011b a na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho k\u00a0odm\u00edtnut\u00ed hodnot a ide\u00e1l\u016f. Takov\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed postoje su\u017eovaly m\u011b\u0161\u0165any devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed a vedly u nich k\u00a0pocit\u016fm pesimismu a beznad\u011bje.<\/p>
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Proklet\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edci milovali alkohol, drogy, sex a temnotu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00a0t\u011bchto pocit\u016f se zrodila \u0159ada nov\u00fdch um\u011bleck\u00fdch sm\u011br\u016f, jim\u017e je spole\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklon k\u00a0tajemnu, temnot\u011b a nejasnosti. A\u0165 u\u017e to byl symbolismus se sv\u00fdmi metaforami, p\u0159enesen\u00fdmi v\u00fdznamy a voln\u00fdmi ver\u0161i nebo impresionismus, podle kter\u00e9ho se pozn\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dnosti odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0individu\u00e1ln\u00edm dojmu a n\u00e1lad\u011b z neopakovateln\u00e9ho okam\u017eiku. \u010ci pr\u00e1v\u011b dekadence typick\u00e1 \u00fapadkem, n\u00e1ladovost\u00ed, smutkem, marnivost\u00ed, opovrhov\u00e1n\u00edm \u017eivotem a odchodem do sv\u011bta sn\u016f a p\u0159edstav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ve Francii se zrodila cel\u00e1 generace proklet\u00fdch b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f, jejich\u017e hlavn\u00edm p\u0159edstavitelem byl vedle Verlaina a Rimbauda tak\u00e9 Charles Baudelaire. Samotn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze stejnojmenn\u00e9 eseje, jej\u00edm\u017e autorem je pr\u00e1v\u011b Paul Verlaine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdraz p\u016fvodn\u011b ozna\u010doval pouze spisovatele ve Verlainov\u011b sb\u00edrce, posl\u00e9ze se v\u0161ak v\u017eil jako obecn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pro um\u011blce, kte\u0159\u00ed stoj\u00ed mimo spole\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proklet\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edci byli typi\u010dt\u00ed boh\u00e9msk\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edklon k\u00a0ponocov\u00e1n\u00ed, alkoholismu, drog\u00e1m a neurval\u00fdm sexu\u00e1ln\u00edm hr\u00e1tk\u00e1m.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ovali mravy a tehdej\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnost, kterou byli kritizov\u00e1ni. Zn\u00e1m\u00fd je v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru Verlain\u016fv v\u00fdrok: \u201eMy prokl\u00edn\u00e1me spole\u010dnost, ona prokl\u00edn\u00e1 n\u00e1s.”<\/p>
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Neurvalost plod\u00edc\u00ed zlobu a tot\u00e1ln\u00ed revoltu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d si milenci Verlaine a Rimbaud tolik rozum\u011bli, byla jist\u011b jejich l\u00e1ska k\u00a0ver\u0161\u016fm. Verlainovo d\u00edlo je typick\u00e9 jemnost\u00ed, citovost\u00ed a n\u00e1ladovost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se vyvozuj\u00ed z\u00a0dojm\u016f a dotek\u016f lid\u00ed, p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a p\u0159\u00edrody. Sv\u00fdm druhem poezie inspiroval mnoho hudebn\u00edch skladatel\u016f, proto\u017ee velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zd\u016fraz\u0148uje rytmus a melodii.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure>
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Rimbaud naproti tomu strukturu a metodu poezie zcela zm\u011bnil. V\u00a0jeho d\u00edle jsou patrn\u00e9 jeho vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozkoly, zejm\u00e9na pak rozpor um\u011blce a spole\u010dnosti, jej\u017e prezentuje prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm popisu subjektivn\u00edch pro\u017eitk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00a0m\u011b\u0161\u0165\u00e1k\u016fm a n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed c\u00edtil Rimbaud odpor, k\u00a0revoluci naopak obdiv. Spole\u010dnost ve sv\u00fdch b\u00e1sn\u00edch setrvale vystavoval pohrdav\u00e9mu posm\u011bchu, co\u017e se \u010dasem vyhrotilo ve zlobu a \u00fatok na v\u0161echny formy tradice.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Budil dojem, \u017ee mu na ni\u010dem nesejde, \u017ee je mu v\u0161echno jedno. A mo\u017en\u00e1 tak\u00e9 bylo. Ta bezstarostnost a nepolapitelnost z\u0159ejm\u011b lahodila oku, sluchu a citu jemn\u00e9ho Verlaina, kter\u00e9ho k\u00a0sob\u011b Rimbaud poutal svou v\u00e1\u0161nivou nezkrotnost\u00ed. V\u0161echna Rimbaudova d\u00edla publikoval Verlaine.<\/p>
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V\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 zm\u011bnila um\u011blce v\u00a0pijana a tul\u00e1ka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Paul Verlaine byl pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk. Kv\u016fli arogantn\u00edmu mlad\u00edkovi, kter\u00fd u\u010daroval jedin\u011b jemu (pro ostatn\u00ed to byl zpupn\u00fd spratek) opustil miluj\u00edc\u00ed man\u017eelku a uvrhl sebe i sv\u00e9 slibn\u00e9 d\u00edlo do z\u00e1huby. S\u00a0Rimbaudem \u017eil nejen jako p\u0159\u00edtel, ale tak\u00e9 jako milenec. Tento vztah jej v\u0161ak vnit\u0159n\u011b degradoval na alkoholika a tul\u00e1ka.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Rembrandt: Geni\u00e1ln\u00ed mal\u00ed\u0159, obdivovan\u00fd i kontroverzn\u00ed<\/a><\/h4>

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H\u00e1dky, neshody, boh\u00e9msk\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota a vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozh\u00e1ranost vedly k\u00a0\u010dast\u00fdm rozkol\u016fm mezi ob\u011bma mu\u017ei, co\u017e vyvrcholilo t\u00edm, \u017ee Verlaine Rimbauda post\u0159elil. Za to si odpykal dva roky ve v\u011bzen\u00ed, kde prod\u011blal l\u00e9\u010dbu a p\u0159iklonil se k\u00a0v\u00ed\u0159e v\u00a0Boha. Po propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0v\u011bzen\u00ed se ale brzy vr\u00e1til k\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00edmu zp\u016fsobu \u017eivota.<\/p>
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Hn\u011bv a neshody je paradoxn\u011b spojovaly<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Arthur Rimbaud poch\u00e1zel z\u00a0rodiny, kterou jej\u00ed hlava, toti\u017e jeho otec, pro svou l\u00e1sku k\u00a0dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed nakonec opustil. M\u016f\u017eeme se tedy \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b domn\u00edvat, \u017ee za Rimbaudovo tul\u00e1ctv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u011bl spole\u010dn\u00e9 se sv\u00fdm pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edtelem a milencem Verlainem, nese zodpov\u011bdnost i nest\u00e1l\u00e1 povaha jeho otce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rimbaudova matka z\u016fstala na chlapce sama a svou konzervativn\u00ed a n\u00e1bo\u017eensky bigotn\u00ed v\u00fdchovou na n\u011bj rozhodn\u011b nesta\u010dila. Rimbaud na ni reagoval prudk\u00fdmi v\u00fdbuchy hn\u011bvu a \u010dasto ut\u00edkal z\u00a0domova.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Takto se zatoulal a\u017e do Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, kde se sezn\u00e1mil s\u00a0Verlainem a nav\u00e1zali v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fd milostn\u00fd vztah pln\u00fd dekadence.<\/p>
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Za pokus o zni\u010den\u00ed d\u00edla m\u00e1lem zaplatil \u017eivotem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Verlaine a Rimbaud spolu procestovali velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u011bta. Nejprve se zdr\u017eovali v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, pozd\u011bji \u017eili v\u00a0Anglii i v\u00a0Belgii. Jejich v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 povahy vedly k\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b spor\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e jeden pro Rimbauda neskon\u010dil \u0161\u0165astn\u011b. Rimbaud se v\u00a0z\u00e1chvatu vnit\u0159n\u00edch rozpor\u016f pokusil zni\u010dit sv\u00e9, podle Verlaina geni\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edlo, za co\u017e jej milenec post\u0159elil. Rimbaud v\u00a0nemocnici na b\u00e1sn\u011bn\u00ed zanev\u0159el, odsoudil vlastn\u00ed d\u00edlo a p\u0159estal ps\u00e1t \u00fapln\u011b.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure>
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Pozd\u011bji vstoupil do koloni\u00e1ln\u00edho vojska, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil otci, kter\u00fd b\u00fdval kapit\u00e1nem p\u011bchoty. Jeho \u017eivot byl nad\u00e1le velmi pestr\u00fd a tul\u00e1ck\u00fd. Pokud jsme \u0159\u00edkali, \u017ee s\u00a0Verlainem cestoval, nebylo to nic proti tomu, co p\u0159i\u0161lo po Verlainovi. Na J\u00e1v\u011b vystoupil z\u00a0vojska, dal se k\u00a0cirkusu, s\u00a0n\u00edm\u017e projel \u0160v\u00e9dsko a Norsko. Nav\u0161t\u00edvil tak\u00e9 Egypt, Kypr, Aden a som\u00e1lskou pou\u0161\u0165. Zem\u0159el na rakovinu, nebo\u0165 m\u011bl zhoubn\u00fd n\u00e1dor v\u00a0prav\u00e9m koleni.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0zajet\u00ed alkoholu: 5 knih, ze kter\u00fdch m\u016f\u017eete l\u00edh p\u0159\u00edmo p\u00edt<\/a><\/h4>
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Vnit\u0159n\u00ed a citov\u00e9 rozpory zni\u010dily ji\u017e nem\u00e1lo um\u011blc\u016f. Vedle Oscara Wilda je to t\u0159eba i p\u0159\u00edpad dekadentn\u00edch b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f Paula Verlaina a Arthura Rimbauda. Verlainovi milostn\u00fd vztah s arogantn\u00edm mlad\u00ed\u010dkem rozvr\u00e1til cel\u00fd \u017eivot. B\u00e1sn\u00edk Paul Verlaine \u017eije v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei spokojen\u00fdm man\u017eelsk\u00fdm \u017eivotem. Se \u017eenou bydl\u00ed v\u00a0dom\u011b jej\u00edch rodi\u010d\u016f a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee p\u00e1ru ke \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nic […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11349,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[387,71,1846,72],"tags":[2548,2549,1988,87,228,2547,43,1644,957,2550,280],"class_list":["post-11347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-kultura","category-literatura","category-umeni","tag-arthur-rimbaud","tag-basnici","tag-basnik","tag-historie","tag-laska","tag-paul-verlain","tag-pribeh","tag-umelci","tag-umeni","tag-upadek","tag-vztah"],"yoast_head":"\nVerlaine a Rimbaud: Zamilovan\u00ed um\u011blci propadli spole\u010dn\u00e9 temnot\u011b - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vnit\u0159n\u00ed a citov\u00e9 rozpory zni\u010dily ji\u017e nem\u00e1lo um\u011blc\u016f. 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