{"id":14761,"date":"2019-12-30T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-30T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=14761"},"modified":"2019-12-03T19:58:05","modified_gmt":"2019-12-03T18:58:05","slug":"tajemstvi-poznavacich-znacek-italie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/tajemstvi-poznavacich-znacek-italie\/","title":{"rendered":"Tajemstv\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch zna\u010dek: It\u00e1lie"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee v It\u00e1lii si pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dky zpo\u010d\u00e1tku vyr\u00e1b\u011bli samotn\u00ed majitel\u00e9 aut? Nebo \u017ee v jednom italsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b m\u011bla p\u016fvodn\u011b auta na pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dce jm\u00e9no majitele vozu? Podrobnosti hledejte v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, ve kter\u00e9m se dozv\u00edte nap\u0159\u00edklad tak\u00e9 to, jakou pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dku m\u00e1 Papamobil!<\/strong><\/p>
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Je v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee v\u0161echny cesty vedou do \u0158\u00edma, proto i pou\u0165 seri\u00e1lu Tajemstv\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch zna\u010dek musela co nejd\u0159\u00edve dorazit do It\u00e1lie, zem\u011b skv\u011bl\u00e9ho j\u00eddla, elegantn\u00edho oble\u010den\u00ed a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b rychl\u00fdch voz\u016f.<\/p>
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Prvn\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dky (PZ) se v It\u00e1lii objevily ji\u017e v roce 1897, kdy byl p\u0159ijat z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd ukl\u00e1dal povinnost opat\u0159it pozn\u00e1vac\u00edmi zna\u010dkami v\u0161echny velocipedy. O rok pozd\u011bji p\u0159ijalo m\u011bsto Mil\u00e1n vyhl\u00e1\u0161ku, podle kter\u00e9 muselo m\u00edt ka\u017ed\u00e9 mil\u00e1nsk\u00e9 auto PZ se jm\u00e9nem majitele a \u010d\u00edslem licence p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 m\u011bstem. Tato zna\u010dka musela b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bna na lev\u00e9m boku vozu, co\u017e mohlo souviset s faktem, \u017ee v Mil\u00e1n\u011b (stejn\u011b jako v ostatn\u00edch italsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech) se tehdy jezdilo vlevo. Vpravo se zpo\u010d\u00e1tku jezdilo pouze na venkov\u011b a a\u017e od 20. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed se tak za\u010dalo jezdit tak\u00e9 ve m\u011bstech.<\/p>
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Roku 1901 vstoupil v It\u00e1lii v platnost kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fd dekret, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9ho musely b\u00fdt zadn\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dkou opat\u0159eny v\u0161echny italsk\u00e9 vozy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tyto PZ nesly cel\u00e9 jm\u00e9no regionu p\u016fvodu majitele a \u010d\u00edselnou kombinaci a museli si je vyr\u00e1b\u011bt sami majitel\u00e9. Neexistovaly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pevn\u011b stanoven\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy, jakou podobu zna\u010dky maj\u00ed m\u00edt, podm\u00ednkou bylo jen to, aby zna\u010dky byly kovov\u00e9 a n\u00e1pis na nich dob\u0159e \u010diteln\u00fd, tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 z nich byla sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem origin\u00e1l.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Nebylo v\u00fdjimkou, \u017ee majitel postupn\u011b vyst\u0159\u00eddal n\u011bkolik zna\u010dek \u2013 kdy\u017e se mu ta sou\u010dasn\u00e1 p\u0159estala l\u00edbit, tak si jednodu\u0161e vyrobil novou. Z t\u00e9 doby se dochovaly v\u0161eho v\u0161udy dv\u011b PZ, kter\u00e9 jsou vystaveny v muze\u00edch \u2013 zna\u010dka z Janova GENOVA 83<\/strong> a zna\u010dka z Padovy PADOVA 2<\/strong>.<\/p>
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Na d\u00e1lnici se objev\u00ed nov\u00e9 zna\u010dky, na rozd\u00edl od spousty jin\u00fdch ale maj\u00ed smysl<\/a><\/h4>
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Dal\u0161\u00edm miln\u00edkem ve v\u00fdvoji italsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch zna\u010dek byl rok 1905, kdy byla p\u0159ijata jednotn\u00e1 podoba PZ \u2013 znaky musely b\u00fdt 8 cm vysok\u00e9 a na b\u00edl\u00e9m pozad\u00ed. Zna\u010dky si v\u0161ak st\u00e1le vyr\u00e1b\u011bli majitel\u00e9 voz\u016f sami. Krom\u011b toho bylo stanoveno, \u017ee vozy mus\u00ed m\u00edt tak\u00e9 p\u0159edn\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dku. Pro p\u0159edn\u00ed PZ v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 podoba p\u0159ijata nebyla, tak\u017ee se zde op\u011bt mohla projevit lidov\u00e1 tvo\u0159ivost. \u00dadajn\u011b se na\u0161li i tac\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed si m\u00edsto v\u00fdroby PZ \u010d\u00edslo jednodu\u0161e nakreslili \u010di dokonce vyryli p\u0159\u00edmo na v\u016fz (auta tehdy byla v\u00fdsadou jen t\u011bch nejbohat\u0161\u00edch, tak\u017ee n\u011bjak\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka dopadu takov\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed na zbytkovou hodnotu vozu v t\u00e9 dob\u011b nebyla \u00fapln\u011b o\u017eehav\u00fdm t\u00e9matem).<\/p>
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V letech 1927 a\u017e 1985 m\u011bly italsk\u00e9 PZ podobu b\u00edl\u00e9ho p\u00edsma na \u010dern\u00e9m pozad\u00ed. Mimochodem mo\u017en\u00e1 jste ze star\u0161\u00edch italsk\u00fdch film\u016f nabyli dojmu, \u017ee italsk\u00e9 p\u0159edn\u00ed PZ byly v t\u00e9 dob\u011b celkem mal\u00e9. A ony skute\u010dn\u011b byly, na v\u00fd\u0161ku m\u011bly tehdy jen necel\u00fdch 6 cm (pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, dnes maj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 11 cm).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00fd syst\u00e9m plat\u00ed od roku 1994 a sest\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze ze 7 znak\u016f ve form\u00e1tu PP \u010c\u010c\u010c PP (\u010c jsou \u010d\u00edsla, P p\u00edsmena), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e po prvn\u00edm dvoj\u010d\u00edsl\u00ed n\u00e1sleduje mal\u00fd \u010dernob\u00edl\u00fd italsk\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed znak. Kdy\u017e byl tento syst\u00e9m p\u0159ijat, tak to bylo poprv\u00e9, kdy italsk\u00e9 PZ zcela ignorovaly \u00fazemn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost vozu. Proti tomu se v\u0161ak zvedla siln\u00e1 vlna odporu, a kdy\u017e byl v roce 1999 syst\u00e9m aktualizov\u00e1n, byl prvek ud\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost na PZ vr\u00e1cen, i kdy\u017e jen na dobrovoln\u00e9 b\u00e1zi. Samotn\u00e1 aktualizace spo\u010d\u00edvala v dod\u00e1n\u00ed dvou modr\u00fdch pruh\u016f na PZ \u2013 jednoho na pravou stranu a druh\u00e9ho na levou. Lev\u00fd pruh je v\u017edy stejn\u00fd a zobrazuje hv\u011bzdy EU nad mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm k\u00f3dem It\u00e1lie (I), zato prav\u00fd pruh m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt n\u011bkolik podob. Jedin\u00fdm povinn\u00fdm prvkem prav\u00e9ho pruhu je \u017elut\u00fd kruh, kter\u00fd je ve stejn\u00e9 \u00farovni jako hv\u011bzdy EU a tvo\u0159\u00ed k nim optick\u00fd protip\u00f3l. V tomto kruhu m\u016f\u017ee (ale nemus\u00ed) b\u00fdt uveden rok registrace vozidla a stejn\u011b tak pod n\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee a nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt zobrazena zkratka jedn\u00e9 z italsk\u00fdch provinci\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Zobrazen\u00ed provincie na zna\u010dce z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed zcela na vlastn\u00edkovi vozidla. Zkratky provinci\u00ed jsou ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f dvojp\u00edsmenn\u00e9 a velk\u00fdmi p\u00edsmeny, jen \u0158\u00edm se ozna\u010duje cel\u00fdm slovem (Roma). Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadem jsou autonomn\u00ed provincie Trento, Bolzano a \u00dadol\u00ed Aosty. V jejich p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je druh\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno zkratky mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmem a ve voln\u00e9m prostoru je zobrazen jejich znak. PZ maj\u00ed obvykle obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00fd tvar, ale mohou b\u00fdt i \u010dtvercov\u00e9. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed p\u00edsmenem Z.<\/p>
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V italsk\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu PZ existuje n\u011bkolik speci\u00e1ln\u00edch form\u00e1t\u016f. Ty se v\u011bt\u0161inou vyzna\u010duj\u00ed specifick\u00fdmi \u010derven\u00fdmi p\u00edsmeny na za\u010d\u00e1tku zna\u010dky, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zkratku n\u00e1zvu dan\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu \u010di organizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arm\u00e1dn\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dky tak pozn\u00e1te podle \u00favodn\u00edch p\u00edsmen EI (Esercito Italiano), hasi\u010de podle p\u00edsmen VF (Vigili del Fuoco) a italsk\u00fd \u010cerven\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e podle zkratky CRI (Croce Rossa Italiana). V\u00fdjimkou z tohoto \u00fazu jsou policejn\u00ed vozy, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed na sv\u00fdch PZ \u010derven\u00fd n\u00e1pis POLIZIA.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadem jsou diplomatick\u00e9 PZ, kter\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 dvojbarevn\u00e9, ale \u010dernou barvu prost\u0159edn\u00edho \u010dty\u0159\u010d\u00edsl\u00ed dopl\u0148uje modr\u00e1 barva p\u00edsmen. Prvn\u00ed dv\u011b p\u00edsmena ud\u00e1vaj\u00ed, zda se jedn\u00e1 o v\u016fz konzul\u00e1rn\u00ed slu\u017eby (zkratka CC) nebo velvyslanectv\u00ed (zkratka CD) a posledn\u00ed dv\u011b p\u00edsmena p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zkratku konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/p>
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P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v \u0158\u00edm\u011b m\u016f\u017eete narazit je\u0161t\u011b na jeden form\u00e1t PZ, a sice na zna\u010dky Vatik\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. Ty maj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy podobu \u010dern\u00fdch znak\u016f na b\u00edl\u00e9m pozad\u00ed a mohou za\u010d\u00ednat bu\u010f p\u00edsmeny CV (soukrom\u00e9 vozy) nebo p\u00edsmeny SCV (vl\u00e1dn\u00ed a jin\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed vozy). I zde v\u0161ak existuje v\u00fdjimka, kterou je nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed vozidlo cel\u00e9ho Vatik\u00e1nu, Papamobil. Na jeho pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dce naleznete v\u017edy \u010derven\u00fd n\u00e1pis SCV 1.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kupujete nov\u00e9 auto? Tahle jsou nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed!<\/a><\/h4>
","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee v It\u00e1lii si pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dky zpo\u010d\u00e1tku vyr\u00e1b\u011bli samotn\u00ed majitel\u00e9 aut? Nebo \u017ee v jednom italsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b m\u011bla p\u016fvodn\u011b auta na pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dce jm\u00e9no majitele vozu? Podrobnosti hledejte v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, ve kter\u00e9m se dozv\u00edte nap\u0159\u00edklad tak\u00e9 to, jakou pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dku m\u00e1 Papamobil! Je v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee v\u0161echny cesty vedou do \u0158\u00edma, proto […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":14763,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[585,82,462,552,1943,3064,3062,3061,3060,3063,3068],"class_list":["post-14761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auto-moto","tag-auta","tag-auto","tag-auto-moto","tag-automobily","tag-italie","tag-oznaceni","tag-poznavaci-znacky","tag-registracni-znacky","tag-spz","tag-statni-poznavaci-znacky","tag-tajemstvi-poznavacich-znacek"],"yoast_head":"\nTajemstv\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch zna\u010dek: It\u00e1lie - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee v It\u00e1lii si pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dky zpo\u010d\u00e1tku vyr\u00e1b\u011bli samotn\u00ed majitel\u00e9 aut? Nebo \u017ee v jednom italsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b m\u011bla p\u016fvodn\u011b auta na pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dce jm\u00e9no majitele vozu? Podrobnosti hledejte v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, ve kter\u00e9m se dozv\u00edte nap\u0159\u00edklad tak\u00e9 to, jakou pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dku m\u00e1 Papamobil!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/tajemstvi-poznavacich-znacek-italie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tajemstv\u00ed pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch zna\u010dek: It\u00e1lie - Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee v It\u00e1lii si pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed zna\u010dky zpo\u010d\u00e1tku vyr\u00e1b\u011bli samotn\u00ed majitel\u00e9 aut? 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