{"id":15464,"date":"2020-02-16T05:00:42","date_gmt":"2020-02-16T04:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=15464"},"modified":"2019-12-13T14:05:06","modified_gmt":"2019-12-13T13:05:06","slug":"historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie!<\/strong><\/p>
\n\n\n\n

Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl stoj\u00ed na\u00a0prahu doby elektrick\u00e9. Pohon aut elekt\u0159inou nen\u00ed \u00faplnou novinkou, v\u00a0historii u\u017e\u00a0se\u00a0objevil. Stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 alternativn\u00ed pohony. S\u00a0ot\u00e1zkou, jak\u00fd je nejlep\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob pohonu, se toti\u017e konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed u\u017e nejm\u00e9n\u011b 250 let.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

P\u00e1ra, nebo elekt\u0159ina? Benz\u00edn!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Patent na motorov\u00fd v\u016fz z\u00edskal Carl Benz v roce 1886 a od t\u00e9 doby se p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed d\u011bjiny automobil\u016f \u0159ekn\u011bme modern\u00edho typu, s p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b spalovac\u00edm motorem. Ov\u0161em ve skute\u010dnosti tento v\u016fz byl sp\u00ed\u0161e t\u0159\u00edkolka a jeho konstrukce, jakkoli ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159elomov\u00e1, byla vlastn\u011b pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00edce ne\u017e sto let trvaj\u00edc\u00edch snah zajistit lidstvu vozidlo, kter\u00e9 nebude pot\u0159ebovat ko\u0148skou s\u00edlu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Z hlediska pohonu je jist\u011b kuri\u00f3zn\u00ed, \u017ee prvn\u00ed automobil poh\u00e1n\u011bl benzinov\u00fd \u010dty\u0159dob\u00fd motor, ten v\u0161ak vznikl a\u017e evoluc\u00ed v\u016fbec prvn\u00edho komer\u010dn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho spalovac\u00edho motoru \u00c9tienne Lenoira, kter\u00fd u sv\u00e9 dvoudob\u00e9 jednotky pou\u017eil jako palivo plyn. O 24 let d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e Benz ji zabudoval do z\u0159ejm\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b prvn\u00edho automobilu se spalovac\u00edm jednov\u00e1lcem.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1\u017eehov\u00fd motor se musel od za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159etahovat s\u00a0mnohem roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi parn\u00edmi stroji a elektromobily, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. V roce 1900 byly v\u00a0USA vyrobeny p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dty\u0159i tis\u00edce aut, z toho benzinov\u00fdch nebyla ani \u010dtvrtina, o zbytek se rovn\u00fdm d\u00edlem d\u011blily parn\u00ed a elektrick\u00e9 vozy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spalovac\u00ed jednotky byly tehdy velmi slo\u017eit\u00e9, hlu\u010dn\u00e9 a nespolehliv\u00e9. Prvn\u00edm vozem, kter\u00fd p\u0159ekonal rychlost 100 km\/h (tedy 60 mil\/h), nebyl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd rachot\u00edc\u00ed \u010dty\u0159v\u00e1lec. V roce 1899 se j\u00edm stal elektrick\u00fd \u201especi\u00e1l\u201c doutn\u00edkov\u00e9ho tvaru La Jamais contente (V\u011b\u010dn\u011b nespokojen\u00e1).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Ov\u0161em benzin se nakonec d\u00edky technologick\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji uk\u00e1zal jako jasn\u00fd v\u00edt\u011bz. By\u0165 ji\u017e p\u0159ed sto lety vznikaly snahy kombinovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy pohon\u016f. Dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd je nap\u0159\u00edklad hybridn\u00ed model\u00a0Semper Vivus\u00a0s elektromotory v kolech od Ferdinanda Porscheho.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n\n\n\n

Pern\u00e9 za\u010d\u00e1tky parn\u00ed \u00e9ry<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Podle sou\u010dasn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed se prvn\u00ed automobil, kter\u00fd si zaslou\u017e\u00ed n\u00e9st toto ozna\u010den\u00ed, rozjel p\u0159ed 250 lety: v\u00a0roce 1796. Parou poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd ob\u0159\u00ed v\u016fz postavil francouzsk\u00fd vojensk\u00fd konstrukt\u00e9r Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot (1725\u20131804) a jeho snahou nebylo motorizovat sv\u011bt, ale umo\u017enit p\u0159epravu t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. I tento v\u016fz byl t\u0159\u00edkolov\u00fd a Cugnot se d\u00edky n\u011bmu do historie zapsal nejen jako prvn\u00ed tv\u016frce automobilu, ale tak\u00e9 se podle tradovan\u00e9, by\u0165 ne zcela dob\u0159e dolo\u017een\u00e9, historky stal i prvn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkem dopravn\u00ed nehody: jeho parostroj se vymkl kontrole a zbo\u0159il ze\u010f.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ni\u010d\u00edme na\u0161imi auty planetu? Emise spalovac\u00edho motoru nejsou \u010cernobyl!<\/a><\/h4>
\n\n\n\n

Ke zmen\u0161en\u00ed a vylep\u0161en\u00ed parn\u00edho stroje, aby mohl b\u00fdt pou\u017eit k\u00a0pohonu voz\u016f, bylo pot\u0159eba je\u0161t\u011b hodn\u011b pr\u00e1ce, nicm\u00e9n\u011b parn\u00ed pohon se uk\u00e1zal jako prvn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak rozjet automobily. T\u0159eba\u017ee u\u017e dobov\u00e9 karikatury upozor\u0148ovaly na skute\u010dnost, kolik ned\u00fdchateln\u00e9ho kou\u0159e by z\u00a0takov\u00fdch parn\u00edch samohyb\u016f ve m\u011bst\u011b bylo.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

Ekologick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky v 19. stolet\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dobov\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 diskuse, m\u016f\u017eeme-li je tak nazvat, se v\u0161ak to\u010dily kolem jin\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu. Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem rostouc\u00edch m\u011bst a dopravy v\u00a0nich toti\u017e byly ko\u0148sk\u00e9 exkrementy. Obyvatele Lond\u00fdna, New Yorku a dal\u0161\u00edch metropol\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eovaly ulice zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 od hnoje a mo\u010di, z\u00e1pach, hmyz a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \u0159ady chorob, v\u00fdjimkou nebyla ani neodklizen\u00e1 uhynul\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n\n\n\n

A tak se automobily, by\u0165 s p\u00e1rou nebo kou\u0159em z\u00a0v\u00fdfuku, brzy uk\u00e1zaly nejen jako fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed technick\u00e9 v\u00fdtvory, ale sv\u00e9ho druhu i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro zap\u00e1chaj\u00edc\u00ed ulice p\u0159ekotn\u011b rostouc\u00edch velkom\u011bst. O tom, jak vypadala efektivita prvn\u00edch vozidel v\u00a019. stolet\u00ed, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed spot\u0159eba benzinu kolem 20 l na 100 km, ale hlavn\u011b osmkr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1roky na vodu pro ztr\u00e1tov\u00e9 chlazen\u00ed, kterou bylo pot\u0159eba neust\u00e1le dol\u00e9vat.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

Alternativn\u00ed pohony v historick\u00fdch vozech<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

I kdy\u017e u\u017e b\u011bhem prvn\u00edho desetilet\u00ed 20. stolet\u00ed nebylo pochyb o tom, \u017ee budoucnost pat\u0159\u00ed spalovac\u00edmu motoru na benzin, konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i pracovali i na dal\u0161\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch. D\u00edky tomu se na za\u010d\u00e1tku 30. let za\u010daly objevovat prvn\u00ed automobily s naftov\u00fdmi jednotkami, ale da\u0148ov\u00e9 motivy nebo nedostatek paliva b\u011bhem hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krize a v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch let vedly i k pokus\u016fm o vyu\u017eit\u00ed plynu.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed v\u016fz Laurin & Klement z roku 1919 s plynov\u00fdm gener\u00e1torem na d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 uhl\u00ed<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vynal\u00e9zavost projevili i \u010de\u0161t\u00ed konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i. Ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 1919 proto vznikl n\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u016fz Laurin & Klement vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed gener\u00e1tor na plyn, dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem byl u\u017eitkov\u00fd model 256 G s\u00a0u\u017eite\u010dnou hmotnost\u00ed 2,5 t. \u0160estiv\u00e1lcov\u00fd motor poskytoval dostate\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon 60 kon\u00ed. Existovaly jak dodate\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stavby, tak integrovan\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, a to nejen pro u\u017eitkov\u00e9 vozy, alternativn\u00ed pohon se vyu\u017e\u00edval tak\u00e9 u traktor\u016f zna\u010dky \u0160koda.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u0160koda 256 G s tov\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159estavbou na d\u0159evoplyn m\u011bla gener\u00e1tor nen\u00e1padn\u011b zabudovan\u00fd za budkou \u0159idi\u010de a nab\u00edzela v\u00edce ne\u017e dostate\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon 60 k<\/em>on\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vyv\u00edje\u010d plynu, jeho\u017e zdrojem bylo bu\u010f levn\u00e9 a \u0161iroce dostupn\u00e9 d\u0159evo, anebo sv\u00edtiplyn, kter\u00fd vznikal jako vedlej\u0161\u00ed produkt v koks\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, se v\u00a0dob\u011b palivov\u00e9 krize, tedy ve 30. a 40. letech, dostal i do osobn\u00edch vozidel. Ve \u0160kodovce vznikly prototypy modelu Rapid s\u00a0gener\u00e1torem vp\u0159edu nebo vzadu. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku byly p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 agreg\u00e1ty n\u00e1padn\u00e9, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prototypy ji\u017e m\u011bly sou\u010d\u00e1sti plynov\u00e9ho pohonu ukryt\u00e9 v\u00a0karoserii, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledkem byl stylisticky elegantn\u00ed automobil vhodn\u00fd pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Nedostatek paliva b\u011bhem krize a n\u00e1sledn\u011b v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed vedl k n\u00e1vrhu n\u011bkolika voz\u016f Rapid s gener\u00e1torem plynu<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Elektromobily i hybrid<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V roce 1908 vznikl tak\u00e9 Laurin & Klement typ E s elektrick\u00fdm pohonem, a to z\u00e1sluhou v\u011bhlasn\u00e9ho \u010desk\u00e9ho konstrukt\u00e9ra a vyn\u00e1lezce Franti\u0161ka K\u0159i\u017e\u00edka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autor obloukov\u00e9 lampy a inov\u00e1tor elekt\u0159inou poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch tramvaj\u00ed vyu\u017eil v\u016fz z Mlad\u00e9 Boleslavi pro stavbu vozu se syst\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd by se dal ozna\u010dit za hybridn\u00ed: benzinov\u00fd motor slou\u017eil jako zdroj k\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b elektrick\u00e9 energie, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1sledn\u011b slou\u017eila k\u00a0samotn\u00e9mu pohonu vozu.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm pokusem o zaveden\u00ed elekt\u0159iny do automobilu byl kompaktn\u00ed n\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u016fz, vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v\u00a0Plzni k\u00a0rozvozu piva do m\u00edstn\u00edch restaurac\u00ed. Vozidlo s\u00a0u\u017eite\u010dnou hmotnost\u00ed 1,5 a\u017e 3 t m\u011blo na konec 30. let velmi modern\u00ed, pohodlnou a \u0161irokou trambusovou budku p\u0159ed p\u0159edn\u00ed n\u00e1pravou s\u00a0aerodynamicky \u0159e\u0161enou p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a \u0161\u00edpovit\u00fdm, d\u011blen\u00fdm \u010deln\u00edm sklem.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Elektrick\u00fd n\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u016fz \u0160koda z konce 30. let vynikal modern\u00ed konstrukc\u00ed budky a nosnost\u00ed a\u017e 3 tuny<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Unik\u00e1tn\u00edm elektrick\u00fdm automobilem bylo d\u011btsk\u00e9 aut\u00ed\u010dko \u0160koda Puck (Sk\u0159\u00edtek), kter\u00e9 vzniklo v roce 1941 ve dvou velikostech, pro men\u0161\u00ed a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed byla konstrukce velmi bl\u00edzk\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00fdm automobil\u016fm, voz\u00edtko disponovalo sp\u00ednac\u00ed sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148kou, funk\u010dn\u00edm rychlom\u011brem a sv\u011btlomety nebo odpru\u017een\u00edm v\u0161ech kol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektromotor Scintilla zaji\u0161\u0165oval rychlost a\u017e 12 km\/h, zdrojem energie byly akumul\u00e1tory Varta-Ferak um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 pod p\u0159edn\u00ed kapotou i za sedadly.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Unik\u00e1tn\u00edm elektrick\u00fdm automobilem bylo d\u011btsk\u00e9 aut\u00ed\u010dko \u0160koda Puck (Sk\u0159\u00edtek)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00a0\u0159ady dal\u0161\u00edch prototyp\u016f a pokus\u016f tuzemsk\u00e9 automobilky s\u00a0elektrick\u00fdm pohonem stoj\u00ed za pozornost zku\u0161ebn\u00ed s\u00e9rie voz\u016f Octavia II. generace nazvan\u00fdch Green e-Line. Je sice a\u017e z roku 2010, ale u\u017e jde o elektromobil modern\u00ed koncepce, kter\u00fd na zn\u00e1m\u00e9m technick\u00e9m z\u00e1kladu otev\u0159el dve\u0159e do nov\u00e9 \u00e9ry. Automobilka \u0160koda si na t\u011bchto vozech v\u00a0praxi ov\u011b\u0159ovala mo\u017enosti, jak\u00e9 d\u00e1v\u00e1 elekt\u0159ina do budoucna. Vozy byly vybaveny elektromotorem s\u00a0v\u00fdkonem a\u017e 85 kW a jejich baterie umo\u017e\u0148ovaly v\u00a0praxi dojezd okolo 150 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dev\u011bt let pot\u00e9 \u0160kodovka p\u0159edstavila sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed s\u00e9riov\u00e9 modely s\u00a0elektromotory:\u00a0\u010dist\u011b elektrick\u00e9 CITIGOe<\/sup>\u00a0iV<\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0plug-in hybridn\u00ed SUPERB iV<\/a>.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pohled do z\u00e1kulis\u00ed: Jak se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed emise<\/a><\/h4>
","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie! Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl stoj\u00ed na\u00a0prahu doby elektrick\u00e9. Pohon aut elekt\u0159inou nen\u00ed \u00faplnou novinkou, v\u00a0historii u\u017e\u00a0se\u00a0objevil. Stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 alternativn\u00ed pohony. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15465,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[69,387],"tags":[585,82,462,1094,552,2828,3036,3041,87,3118,3040,3035,1103],"class_list":["post-15464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auto-moto","category-historie","tag-auta","tag-auto","tag-auto-moto","tag-automobilovy-prumysl","tag-automobily","tag-benzin","tag-druhy-pohonu","tag-elektrina","tag-historie","tag-motory","tag-plyn","tag-pohon","tag-vyvoj"],"yoast_head":"\nHistorie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu - Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MzoneCZ\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-02-16T04:00:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1090\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"726\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mzone\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\"},\"headline\":\"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-02-16T04:00:42+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1491,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/12\\\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"auta\",\"Auto\",\"auto-moto\",\"automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl\",\"automobily\",\"benz\u00edn\",\"druhy pohonu\",\"elekt\u0159ina\",\"Historie\",\"motory\",\"plyn\",\"pohon\",\"v\u00fdvoj\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Auto-moto\",\"Historie\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/\",\"name\":\"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu - Mzone\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/12\\\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-02-16T04:00:42+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\"},\"description\":\"Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie!\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/12\\\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/12\\\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg\",\"width\":1090,\"height\":726},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\u016f\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mzone\",\"description\":\"Magaz\u00edn nejen pro mu\u017ee\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\",\"name\":\"Mzone\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Mzone\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/en\\\/author\\\/jakub\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu - Mzone","description":"Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie!","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu - Mzone","og_description":"Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie!","og_url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/","og_site_name":"Mzone","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MzoneCZ\/","article_published_time":"2020-02-16T04:00:42+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1090,"height":726,"url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Mzone","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Mzone","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/"},"author":{"name":"Mzone","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4"},"headline":"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu","datePublished":"2020-02-16T04:00:42+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/"},"wordCount":1491,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg","keywords":["auta","Auto","auto-moto","automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl","automobily","benz\u00edn","druhy pohonu","elekt\u0159ina","Historie","motory","plyn","pohon","v\u00fdvoj"],"articleSection":["Auto-moto","Historie"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/","url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/","name":"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu - Mzone","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg","datePublished":"2020-02-16T04:00:42+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4"},"description":"Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd motorov\u00fd v\u016fz vznikl v roce 1886. Ov\u0161em snahy zkonstruovat automobil, tedy vozidlo, kter\u00e9 se bude samo pohybovat, jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. A pestr\u00e1 je i \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pohonn\u00fdch \u00fastroj\u00ed. Nahl\u00e9dn\u011bte do jejich historie!","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Druhy-pohonu.jpg","width":1090,"height":726},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/historie-automobilismu-250-let-hledani-idealniho-pohonu\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Dom\u016f","item":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Historie automobilismu: 250 let hled\u00e1n\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pohonu"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/","name":"Mzone","description":"Magaz\u00edn nejen pro mu\u017ee","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4","name":"Mzone","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Mzone"},"url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/author\/jakub\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15464"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15464\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15514,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15464\/revisions\/15514"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}