{"id":3887,"date":"2024-10-09T19:00:47","date_gmt":"2024-10-09T17:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=3887"},"modified":"2024-10-09T19:02:58","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T17:02:58","slug":"utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/","title":{"rendered":"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm.<\/strong><\/p>
\n\n\n\n

Ord\u00e1l neboli bo\u017e\u00ed soud byl ve st\u0159edov\u011bku nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o vin\u011b \u010di nevinn\u011b podez\u0159el\u00e9ho. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm soudcem m\u011bl b\u00fdt B\u016fh, jeliko\u017e je v\u0161ev\u011bdouc\u00ed a v\u017edy tak zjev\u00ed pravdu. Lid\u00e9 se tehdy spol\u00e9hali jen na svou v\u00edru a rozumn\u00e9 \u00favahy nebrali v \u00favahu. Boha v\u0161ichni pova\u017eovali za neomyln\u00e9ho, a proto celou v\u011bc v\u00edce ne\u0159e\u0161ili. Soudci tedy vlastn\u011b sami nerozhodovali a sledovali pouze, zda jsou dodr\u017eov\u00e1na pravidla, podle kter\u00fdch dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edhalo. Tyto pravidla byla v podstat\u011b jen form\u00e1ln\u00ed a spletit\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ord\u00e1ly se u n\u00e1s pou\u017e\u00edvaly coby d\u016fkazn\u00ed institut od nejstar\u0161\u00edch dob. Jejich nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed paradox byla naprost\u00e1 neexistence racion\u00e1ln\u00ed spravedlnosti. Nevinn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk toti\u017e mohl z bo\u017e\u00edho soudu vyj\u00edt jako usv\u011bd\u010den\u00fd zlo\u010dinec a naopak.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed se ve st\u0159edov\u011bku velmi \u010dasto na\u0159izoval ord\u00e1l vody. P\u0159i n\u011bm se lid\u00e9 v naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b utopili. Tento ord\u00e1l vych\u00e1zel z toho, \u017ee voda do sebe nenech\u00e1 vstoupit pouze nevinn\u00e9ho, neboli nech\u00e1 ho do sebe potopit. Naopak ten, kdo m\u011bl na sv\u011bdom\u00ed zlo\u010din, se nepotopil a byl un\u00e1\u0161en vodou na hladin\u011b. Tehdej\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9 si celou v\u011bc vysv\u011btlili ta, \u017ee voda, jako\u017eto \u010dist\u00fd \u017eivel, nechce s t\u00edmto \u010dlov\u011bkem m\u00edt nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. \u010cesk\u00e9 st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo v\u0161ak p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011blo i jin\u00e9 bo\u017e\u00ed soudy, p\u0159i nich\u017e do hry vstupovaly i dal\u0161\u00ed \u017eivly, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad ohe\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i ord\u00e1lu roz\u017ehaven\u00fdm \u017eelezem toti\u017e musel souzen\u00fd p\u0159ej\u00edt bos p\u0159es dvan\u00e1ct rozp\u00e1len\u00fdch radlic. Pokud to vydr\u017eel, prok\u00e1zala se jeho nevina.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z prost\u0159edk\u016f dozn\u00e1n\u00ed viny slou\u017eila ve st\u0159edov\u011bku takzvan\u00e1 tortura, \u010dili \u00fatrpn\u00fd v\u00fdslech. Byla povolena bulou pape\u017ee Innocence IV. V roce 1252. Samotn\u00ed inkvizito\u0159i ob\u011bti nemu\u010dili, ale nutili k tomu sv\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady, kter\u00e9 t\u00edm pov\u011b\u0159ily katy. Torturu u n\u00e1s \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1kon neupravoval a to a\u017e do novov\u011bku, tedy do konce 18. stolet\u00ed. P\u0159i \u00fatrpn\u00e9m v\u00fdslechu vykonalo sv\u00e9 u\u017e samotn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed mu\u010d\u00edrny \u010di pohled na mu\u010d\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1stroje.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy \u010desk\u00fdch kat\u016f: N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed m\u00e1lem sami skon\u010dili na popravi\u0161ti<\/a><\/h4>
\n\n\n\n

Co tedy ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00edka p\u0159i tortu\u0159e \u010dekalo? Doba jednoho v\u00fdslechu na mu\u010didlech trvala maxim\u00e1ln\u011b hodinu. Pro ka\u017ed\u00fd ze \u010dty\u0159 stup\u0148\u016f tortury toti\u017e vyhrazoval z\u00e1kon 15 minut. Podez\u0159el\u00fd byl nejprve t\u00fdr\u00e1n pale\u010dnic\u00ed, co\u017e byl p\u0159\u00edstroj slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k drcen\u00ed palc\u016f pomoc\u00ed syst\u00e9mu d\u0159\u00edvek. Pokud toto \u010dlov\u011bk vydr\u017eel, p\u0159e\u0161lo se k \u0161n\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed rukou \u2013 kolem p\u0159edlokt\u00ed se \u010dlov\u011bku ovinul provaz a ten kat neust\u00e1le p\u0159itahoval. Ukrutn\u00e1 bolest trvala celou \u010dtvrthodinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud ani te\u010f nen\u00e1sledovalo dozn\u00e1n\u00ed, byl p\u0159inesen \u017eeb\u0159\u00edk nebo sk\u0159ipec, na kter\u00e9m prob\u011bhly dal\u0161\u00ed dva stupn\u011b tortury. Mu\u010den\u00fd byl nejprve natahov\u00e1n \u010di r\u016fzn\u011b kroucen a to tak, \u017ee ruce m\u011bl p\u0159iv\u00e1zan\u00e9 na \u017eeb\u0159\u00edk a za nohy ho tahal kat\u016fv pacholek provazem r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sm\u011bry.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Pokud to \u010dlov\u011bk vydr\u017eel, \u010dekalo ho naposled sv\u011bteln\u00e9 tr\u00e1pen\u00ed. P\u0159i n\u011bm kat ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00edka p\u00e1lil sv\u00edcemi \u010di pochodn\u011bmi na r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech t\u011bla. Mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi stupni tortury byla n\u011bkdy nasazov\u00e1na i takzvan\u00e1 \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 bota, kter\u00e1 slou\u017eila k drcen\u00ed holen\u00ed. \u010casto byla tortura dopl\u0148ov\u00e1na o dal\u0161\u00ed vychyt\u00e1vky jako kozel, \u017eelezn\u00e1 panna \u010di meta\u0159ova dcera.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n\n\n\n

Tortura vypadala u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho podobn\u011b. Hor\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed utrpen\u00ed v\u0161ak \u010dekalo na obvin\u011bn\u00e9 z \u010darod\u011bjnictv\u00ed. V \u010darod\u011bjnick\u00fdch procesech byla pravidla mu\u010den\u00ed vykl\u00e1d\u00e1na daleko p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bji a byla podrobn\u011b seps\u00e1na v knize Malleus maleficarum neboli Kladivo na \u010darod\u011bjnice. Doba mu\u010den\u00ed domn\u011bl\u00e9 \u010darod\u011bjnice trvala podstatn\u011b d\u00e9le ne\u017e byl standard, nebo\u0165 \u010f\u00e1bel nad \u010darod\u011bjnic\u00ed dlouho dr\u017eel ochrannou ruku.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed kasa\u0159\u0161t\u00ed mist\u0159i? Nejlep\u0161\u00ed z nich byli V\u00edde\u0148\u00e1ci<\/a><\/h4>
\n\n\n\n

\u010carod\u011bjnice byly podrobov\u00e1ny tortu\u0159e hlavn\u011b o k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch sv\u00e1tc\u00edch a b\u011bhem slou\u017een\u00ed m\u0161e. P\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem mu\u010den\u00ed dal soudce \u010darod\u011bjnici nap\u00edt sv\u011bcen\u00e9 vody. Soudci m\u011bli b\u00fdt opatrn\u00ed a db\u00e1t na to, aby nebyli ovlivn\u011bni \u010di posednuti zl\u00fdm duchem. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu museli p\u0159i sob\u011b neust\u00e1le nosit posv\u011bcenou s\u016fl nebo posv\u011bcen\u00e9 byliny. \u010carod\u011bjnice se jich v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nesm\u011bla dotknout na holou k\u016f\u017ei a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 bylo, i pokud na n\u011b vrhla pohled a oni se j\u00ed pod\u00edvali do o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

B\u011bhem mu\u010den\u00ed byli k obvin\u011bn\u00e9mu zv\u00e1ni p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed a p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed ho m\u011bli tak\u00e9 p\u0159im\u011bt k dozn\u00e1n\u00ed, za co\u017e byl slibov\u00e1n tak\u00e9 m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trest. Takov\u00fdto slib v\u0161ak podle textu Kladiva na \u010darod\u011bjnice nem\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dnou v\u00e1hu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010carod\u011bjnice byla podrobov\u00e1na tortu\u0159e i n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed po sob\u011b a soudce z\u016fst\u00e1val neust\u00e1le bd\u011bl\u00fd a \u010dekal na p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Kat byl b\u011bhem mu\u010den\u00ed pouh\u00fdm prost\u0159edn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd m\u011bl sledovat po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed inkvizitora a ob\u011b\u0165 mu\u010dit p\u0159edem dan\u00fdmi postupy. Nep\u0159\u00edslu\u0161elo mu ob\u011b\u0165 vysl\u00fdchat \u010di posuzovat jej\u00ed vinu.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

A\u0165 je dne\u0161n\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed syst\u00e9m jak\u00fdkoli, m\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt r\u00e1di, \u017ee \u017eijeme v modern\u00ed spole\u010dnosti dbaj\u00edc\u00ed na spravedlnost, p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enost a racionalitu.<\/p>
\n\n\n\n

Zdroj: Karel Mal\u00fd: Trestn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v \u010cech\u00e1ch 15. \u2013 16. stolet\u00ed, Jind\u0159ich Francek: Zlo\u010din a trest v \u010desk\u00fdch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm. Ord\u00e1l neboli bo\u017e\u00ed soud byl ve st\u0159edov\u011bku nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o vin\u011b \u010di nevinn\u011b podez\u0159el\u00e9ho. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm soudcem m\u011bl b\u00fdt B\u016fh, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[387],"tags":[1274,87,1271,1276,1275,1270,307,1268,1269,1272,1277,1273,557,932],"class_list":["post-3887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","tag-bolest","tag-historie","tag-justice","tag-muceni","tag-pravni-system","tag-pravo","tag-smrt","tag-soud","tag-soudy","tag-stredovek","tag-tortura","tag-utrpeni","tag-zlocin","tag-zlocinci"],"yoast_head":"\nUtrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1 - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1 - Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MzoneCZ\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-09T17:00:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-09T17:02:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mzone\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\"},\"headline\":\"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-09T17:00:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-09T17:02:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1115,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/01\\\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"bolest\",\"Historie\",\"justice\",\"mu\u010den\u00ed\",\"pr\u00e1vn\u00ed syst\u00e9m\",\"pr\u00e1vo\",\"smrt\",\"soud\",\"soudy\",\"st\u0159edov\u011bk\",\"tortura\",\"utrpen\u00ed\",\"zlo\u010din\",\"zlo\u010dinci\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Historie\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/\",\"name\":\"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1 - Mzone\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/01\\\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-09T17:00:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-09T17:02:58+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\"},\"description\":\"V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/01\\\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/01\\\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg\",\"width\":2000,\"height\":1333},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\u016f\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mzone\",\"description\":\"Magaz\u00edn nejen pro mu\u017ee\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\",\"name\":\"Mzone\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Mzone\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/en\\\/author\\\/jakub\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1 - Mzone","description":"V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1 - Mzone","og_description":"V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/","og_site_name":"Mzone","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MzoneCZ\/","article_published_time":"2024-10-09T17:00:47+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-10-09T17:02:58+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2000,"height":1333,"url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Mzone","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Mzone","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/"},"author":{"name":"Mzone","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4"},"headline":"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1","datePublished":"2024-10-09T17:00:47+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-09T17:02:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/"},"wordCount":1115,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg","keywords":["bolest","Historie","justice","mu\u010den\u00ed","pr\u00e1vn\u00ed syst\u00e9m","pr\u00e1vo","smrt","soud","soudy","st\u0159edov\u011bk","tortura","utrpen\u00ed","zlo\u010din","zlo\u010dinci"],"articleSection":["Historie"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/","url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/","name":"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1 - Mzone","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg","datePublished":"2024-10-09T17:00:47+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-09T17:02:58+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4"},"description":"V dob\u00e1ch hlubok\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku ch\u00e1pali lid\u00e9 pojem pr\u00e1va a jeho dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e tomu je dnes. O tomto faktu se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem \u00fatrpn\u00fdm.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Depositphotos_12286591_l-2015_2.jpg","width":2000,"height":1333},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/utrpeni-bolest-a-strasliva-smrt-stredoveka-justice-byla-opravdu-kruta\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Dom\u016f","item":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/","name":"Mzone","description":"Magaz\u00edn nejen pro mu\u017ee","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4","name":"Mzone","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e780a8630f3182a3d06dd667ab6bea151a0d155b0951bc15fe22633acdac0676?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Mzone"},"url":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/author\/jakub\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3887"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10278,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3887\/revisions\/10278"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}