{"id":4898,"date":"2024-12-09T20:00:56","date_gmt":"2024-12-09T19:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=4898"},"modified":"2024-12-09T20:06:08","modified_gmt":"2024-12-09T19:06:08","slug":"pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\/","title":{"rendered":"Pearl Harbor \u2013 zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed americk\u00fd debakl a \u010dern\u00e1 skvrna v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>V ned\u011bli 4. prosince 1941 brzy r\u00e1no byl na americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b v p\u0159\u00edstavu Pearl Harbor naprost\u00fd klid. Hl\u00eddka jen ledabyle post\u00e1vala na sv\u00fdch stanovi\u0161t\u00edch a nic nenasv\u011bd\u010dovalo tomu, \u017ee se nebude jednat o pohodov\u00fd slune\u010dn\u00fd den. Na nebi se najednou objevilo n\u011bkolik te\u010dek, kter\u00e9 se rychle bl\u00ed\u017eily a o chv\u00edli pozd\u011bji bylo po klidu \u2013 rozpoutalo se naprosto ni\u010div\u00e9 peklo, kter\u00e9 arm\u00e1da USA doposud neza\u017eila. Z\u00e1hy se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee americk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 rozv\u011bdka v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b naprosto selhala.<\/strong><\/p><br>\n\n\n\n<p>Neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd rann\u00ed \u00fatok Japonc\u016f pod k\u00f3dov\u00fdm ozna\u010den\u00edm TORA, TORA, TORA na Pearl Harbor rozpoutal ohniv\u00e9 inferno.&nbsp;\u0160est japonsk\u00fdch letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed vyslalo v postupn\u00e9m sledu 414 letadel, jejich\u017e pumy zdecimovaly celou americkou z\u00e1kladnu. Doprov\u00e1zelo je 9 torp\u00e9doborc\u016f, 2 bitevn\u00ed lod\u011b, 3 k\u0159i\u017en\u00edky, 8 tanker\u016f, 23 ponorek a 5 miniponorek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Ironick\u00fd byl p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm fakt, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina informovan\u00fdch koment\u00e1tor\u016f v\u00e1lku Japonska proti USA v Pacifiku o\u010dek\u00e1vala. Jak je tedy mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se na ni Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 nep\u0159ipravili a dokonce ji ani neo\u010dek\u00e1vali?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm tajemstv\u00edm, \u017ee americk\u00fd&nbsp;prezident Franklin Delano Roosevelt&nbsp;po v\u00e1lce v\u016fbec netou\u017eil, \u0161lo mu hlavn\u011b o udr\u017een\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9ho tempa zbrzd\u011bn\u00e9ho kriz\u00ed. Nav\u00edc nem\u011bly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty kv\u016fli podce\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed Japonc\u016f jednotnou a koordinovanou zpravodajskou slu\u017ebu, a p\u0159itom znaly v\u011bt\u0161inu tajn\u00fdch japonsk\u00fdch diplomatick\u00fdch k\u00f3d\u016f, dokonce i jejich k\u00f3d n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edho provozu.<\/p><br>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4914\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-800x533.png 800w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-400x267.png 400w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-500x333.png 500w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-1170x780.png 1170w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Pearl_harbour-590x393.png 590w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><br>\n\n\n\n<p>Podn\u011bt k v\u00e1lce daly paradoxn\u011b Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty bez toho, aby si to uv\u011bdomovaly. Japonsk\u00e1 politika osvobozov\u00e1n\u00ed sousedn\u00edch zem\u00ed toti\u017e donutila spojence k vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed embarga na ve\u0161ker\u00fd v\u00fdvoz ropy, kterou Japonsko k v\u00fdboj\u016fm v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii pot\u0159ebovalo.<\/p><br>\n\n\n\n<p>Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 naivn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dali, \u017ee se agresor st\u00e1hne a p\u0159ijde s pros\u00edkem, a\u017e mu ropa definitivn\u011b dojde.&nbsp;To byl ov\u0161em z\u00e1kladn\u00ed omyl. Japonsk\u00fd zp\u016fsob my\u0161len\u00ed byl jin\u00fd \u2013 bojovn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Nav\u00edc se Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 za\u010dali dopou\u0161t\u011bt dal\u0161\u00edch chyb \u2013 dv\u011b slo\u017eky americk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby,&nbsp;arm\u00e1dn\u00ed agentura SIS a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed OP-20-G,&nbsp;si kv\u016fli vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159e nevym\u011b\u0148ovaly informace a dokonce si \u00famysln\u011b konkurovaly.<\/p><br>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/The_German_Spring_Offensive_March-july_1918_Q70017.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4926\" width=\"116\" height=\"81\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/The_German_Spring_Offensive_March-july_1918_Q70017.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/The_German_Spring_Offensive_March-july_1918_Q70017-300x209.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/The_German_Spring_Offensive_March-july_1918_Q70017-768x534.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/The_German_Spring_Offensive_March-july_1918_Q70017-590x410.jpg 590w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 116px) 100vw, 116px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/tank-se-zrodil-za-1-svetove-valky-tady-jsou-prvni-z-nich\/\">Tank se zrodil za 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky \u2013 tady jsou prvn\u00ed z nich<\/a><\/h4><br>\n\n\n\n<p>Po mnoho m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f v letech 1940 a 1941 velitel\u00e9 arm\u00e1dn\u00ed a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed rozv\u011bdky odm\u00edtali \u0159\u00edct prezidentu Rooseveltovi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 informace, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly b\u00fdt k dispozici velitel\u016fm vojsk USA, aby se mohla na \u00fatok p\u0159ipravit.&nbsp;Velk\u00e9 chyby p\u0159ez\u00edravosti se nav\u00edc dopustil i \u0161\u00e9f FBI Hoover, kter\u00fd ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159iv\u011b podcenil informace dvojit\u00e9ho srbsk\u00e9ho agenta, kter\u00e9ho od N\u011bmc\u016f p\u0159et\u00e1hli Britov\u00e9. Ten mu p\u0159edlo\u017eil d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd seznam \u00fakol\u016f&nbsp;n\u011bmeck\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby Abwehr, kde byly i podrobn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky na strategii americk\u00e9 obrany Pearl Harboru, o kterou se zaj\u00edmali Japonci.<\/p><br>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"756\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/USS_West_Virginia2-2-1024x756.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4917\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/USS_West_Virginia2-2-1024x756.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/USS_West_Virginia2-2-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/USS_West_Virginia2-2-768x567.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/USS_West_Virginia2-2-590x435.jpg 590w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><br>\n\n\n\n<p>Bilance celkov\u00e9ho selh\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby byla d\u011bsiv\u00e1.&nbsp;Bylo potopeno 18 vojensk\u00fdch plavidel, z toho skon\u010dily na dn\u011b mo\u0159e \u010dty\u0159i bitevn\u00ed lod\u011b a dva torp\u00e9doborce, 188 letadel bylo naprosto rozmet\u00e1no a 155 po\u0161kozeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Zem\u0159elo 2042 voj\u00e1k\u016f, 1247 bylo zran\u011bn\u00fdch. Zem\u0159elo tak\u00e9 57 civilist\u016f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159ekvapen\u00ed bylo dokonal\u00e9 a obr\u00e1nci americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny nedok\u00e1zali nal\u00e9t\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm Japonc\u016fm \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b vzdorovat. Pouze necel\u00e9 des\u00edtce americk\u00fdch pilot\u016f se ve v\u0161eobecn\u00e9m zmatku poda\u0159ilo vzl\u00e9tnout a utkat se s nep\u0159\u00edtelem. O moc l\u00e9pe na tom nebyly ani obsluhy protiletadlov\u00fdch d\u011bl a kulomet\u016f. Mezi prvn\u00ed a druhou vlnou n\u00e1let\u016f se ale obrana vzpamatovala. Cel\u00fd n\u00e1let trval jen necelou hodinu a p\u016fl. Japonsk\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty byly minim\u00e1ln\u00ed, p\u0159esto se ale nedalo mluvit o jasn\u00e9m v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed.<\/p><br>\n\n\n\n<p>Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty americk\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b vyhl\u00e1sily Japonsku v\u00e1lku, o kterou p\u016fvodn\u011b nest\u00e1ly. Kr\u00e1tce na to byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena v\u00e1lka i nacistick\u00e9mu N\u011bmecku.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V ned\u011bli 4. prosince 1941 brzy r\u00e1no byl na americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b v p\u0159\u00edstavu Pearl Harbor naprost\u00fd klid. Hl\u00eddka jen ledabyle post\u00e1vala na sv\u00fdch stanovi\u0161t\u00edch a nic nenasv\u011bd\u010dovalo tomu, \u017ee se nebude jednat o pohodov\u00fd slune\u010dn\u00fd den. Na nebi se najednou objevilo n\u011bkolik te\u010dek, kter\u00e9 se rychle bl\u00ed\u017eily a o chv\u00edli pozd\u011bji bylo po klidu \u2013 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4899,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[387],"tags":[95,87,273,1459,1462,1461,527,1460,119,674],"class_list":["post-4898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","tag-armada","tag-historie","tag-japonsko","tag-pearl-harbor","tag-rozvedka","tag-spojene-staty-americke","tag-usa","tag-utok","tag-valka","tag-vojsko"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pearl Harbor \u2013 zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed americk\u00fd debakl a \u010dern\u00e1 skvrna v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V ned\u011bli 4. prosince 1941 brzy r\u00e1no byl na americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b v p\u0159\u00edstavu Pearl Harbor naprost\u00fd klid. Hl\u00eddka jen ledabyle post\u00e1vala na sv\u00fdch stanovi\u0161t\u00edch a nic nenasv\u011bd\u010dovalo tomu, \u017ee se nebude jednat o pohodov\u00fd slune\u010dn\u00fd den. Na nebi se najednou objevilo n\u011bkolik te\u010dek, kter\u00e9 se rychle bl\u00ed\u017eily a o chv\u00edli pozd\u011bji bylo po klidu \u2013 rozpoutalo se naprosto ni\u010div\u00e9 peklo, kter\u00e9 arm\u00e1da USA doposud neza\u017eila. Z\u00e1hy se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee americk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 rozv\u011bdka v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b naprosto selhala.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pearl Harbor \u2013 zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed americk\u00fd debakl a \u010dern\u00e1 skvrna v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky - Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V ned\u011bli 4. prosince 1941 brzy r\u00e1no byl na americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b v p\u0159\u00edstavu Pearl Harbor naprost\u00fd klid. Hl\u00eddka jen ledabyle post\u00e1vala na sv\u00fdch stanovi\u0161t\u00edch a nic nenasv\u011bd\u010dovalo tomu, \u017ee se nebude jednat o pohodov\u00fd slune\u010dn\u00fd den. Na nebi se najednou objevilo n\u011bkolik te\u010dek, kter\u00e9 se rychle bl\u00ed\u017eily a o chv\u00edli pozd\u011bji bylo po klidu \u2013 rozpoutalo se naprosto ni\u010div\u00e9 peklo, kter\u00e9 arm\u00e1da USA doposud neza\u017eila. Z\u00e1hy se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee americk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 rozv\u011bdka v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b naprosto selhala.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MzoneCZ\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-12-09T19:00:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-12-09T19:06:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/harbor_eye.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2240\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1493\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mzone\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mzone\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\"},\"headline\":\"Pearl Harbor \u2013 zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed americk\u00fd debakl a \u010dern\u00e1 skvrna v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-12-09T19:00:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-12-09T19:06:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":739,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/harbor_eye.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Arm\u00e1da\",\"Historie\",\"Japonsko\",\"Pearl Harbor\",\"rozv\u011bdka\",\"Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty americk\u00e9\",\"USA\",\"\u00fatok\",\"v\u00e1lka\",\"vojsko\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Historie\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/\",\"name\":\"Pearl Harbor \u2013 zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed americk\u00fd debakl a \u010dern\u00e1 skvrna v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky - Mzone\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/pearl-harbor-znicujici-americky-debakl-a-cerna-skvrna-v-dejinach-americke-vojenske-rozvedky\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/harbor_eye.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-12-09T19:00:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-12-09T19:06:08+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mzone.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bc20cc422a99cac4af6ff9297da32d4\"},\"description\":\"V ned\u011bli 4. prosince 1941 brzy r\u00e1no byl na americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b v p\u0159\u00edstavu Pearl Harbor naprost\u00fd klid. 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