{"id":6438,"date":"2025-06-30T15:00:24","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T13:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=6438"},"modified":"2025-06-30T15:07:44","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T13:07:44","slug":"tri-nejsilenejsi-rimsti-cisari-kruty-tiberius-psychopat-caligula-a-pomateny-nero","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/tri-nejsilenejsi-rimsti-cisari-kruty-tiberius-psychopat-caligula-a-pomateny-nero\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u0159i nej\u0161\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159i: Krut\u00fd Tiberius, psychopat Caligula a pomaten\u00fd Nero"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 d\u011bjiny jsou pot\u0159\u00edsn\u011bny krv\u00ed. Vedle spousty moudr\u00fdch a state\u010dn\u00fdch vl\u00e1dc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se zaslou\u017eili o neobvykl\u00fd rozkv\u011bt sv\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, stoj\u00ed daleko po\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159ada \u0161\u00edlenc\u016f a krut\u00fdch vrah\u016f, jejich\u017e vl\u00e1da byla pln\u00e1 orgi\u00ed, mu\u010den\u00ed a vra\u017ed. P\u0159edstavujeme v\u00e1m t\u0159i individua, kter\u00e1 vynikala nad v\u0161emi vy\u0161inut\u00fdmi c\u00edsa\u0159i a rozs\u00e9vala zmar a hr\u016fzu. V\u0161ichni t\u0159i by se dali beze zbytku ozna\u010dit za psychopaty.<\/strong><\/p>
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Tiberius<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

C\u00edsa\u0159 Tiberius<\/strong> se narodil 16. listopadu roku 42 p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem a poch\u00e1zel z vysoce postaven\u00e9 patricijsk\u00e9 rodiny. Kdy\u017e m\u011bl \u010dty\u0159i roky, donutil c\u00edsa\u0159 Augustus jeho otce, aby se vzdal sv\u00e9 t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny Livie a s\u00e1m se s n\u00ed o\u017eenil. Tak se stal mal\u00fd Tiberius adoptivn\u00edm synem c\u00edsa\u0159e. V\u00fdchova v c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci z n\u011bj ud\u011blala opravdov\u00e9ho ryz\u00edho \u0158\u00edmana, kter\u00fd vynikal poslu\u0161nost\u00ed, loaj\u00e1lnost\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 tvrdost\u00ed, \u00fasko\u010dnost\u00ed a bezskrupul\u00f3znost\u00ed. Dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta slou\u017eil Tib\u00e9rius \u0158\u00edmu na vojensk\u00e9m poli. Na v\u00fdpravu do Germ\u00e1nie se vydal celkem dev\u011btkr\u00e1t a mnohokr\u00e1t se vyznamenal. Do \u0158\u00edma se vr\u00e1til slavn\u00fd a bohat\u00fd. O\u017eenil se s milovanou Vipsani\u00ed a \u010dekali vytou\u017een\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b. C\u00edsa\u0159 ov\u0161em tla\u010dil na Tib\u00e9ria, aby svou man\u017eelku zapudil a o\u017eenil ho s vlastn\u00ed dcerou Juli\u00ed. Toto man\u017eelstv\u00ed v\u0161ak nebylo \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 a po smrti jejich jedin\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte se mezi nimi rozhostila nen\u00e1vist. Po \u010dase ur\u010dil c\u00edsa\u0159 Tib\u00e9ria za sv\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupce a ten se tak stal vl\u00e1dcem imp\u00e9ria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e roku 14 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu ovl\u00e1dnul tr\u016fn, okam\u017eit\u011b se zbavil sv\u00e9ho soka Agrippy.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se choval jako zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd panovn\u00edk miluj\u00edc\u00ed lid, dodr\u017euje republik\u00e1nsk\u00e9 tradice, opovrhuje podl\u00e9z\u00e1n\u00edm, d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00e9 pravomoci sen\u00e1tu a odm\u00edt\u00e1 pocty, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad titul imper\u00e1tor. Ov\u0161em najednou nastal v jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed ostr\u00fd zlom.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Utrpen\u00ed, bolest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 smrt: St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 justice byla opravdu krut\u00e1<\/a><\/h4>
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Za podivn\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed zem\u0159el v Germ\u00e1nii jeho adoptivn\u00ed syn Germanicus a brzy pot\u00e9 i jeho vlastn\u00ed syn a n\u00e1sledn\u00edk tr\u016fnu Drussus. Pozd\u011bji se uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee je otr\u00e1vil pr\u00e9tori\u00e1n (\u010dlen c\u00edsa\u0159ovy ochranky) Seian na Tib\u00e9riuv p\u0159\u00edkaz. Dal\u0161\u00ed na Tiberiov\u011b zvr\u00e1cen\u00e9m seznamu smrti byli v\u0161ichni potencion\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u00edci\u2026<\/p>
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Pomalu bylo zjevn\u00e9, \u017ee c\u00edsa\u0159 trp\u011bl panickou hr\u016fzou z toho, \u017ee by mohl b\u00fdt odstran\u011bn. Tohoto stavu si v\u0161iml jeden z pretori\u00e1n\u016f \u2013 ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd Seianus a za\u010dal si p\u0159es c\u00edsa\u0159e vy\u0159izovat osobn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty \u2013 podsouv\u00e1 mu smy\u0161len\u00e9 nekal\u00e9 \u00famysly vlastn\u00edch nep\u0159\u00e1tel a politick\u00fdch odp\u016frc\u016f, a tak je likviduje jednoho po druh\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tiberus je nakonec tak vystresovan\u00fd, \u017ee se roku 26 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu rozhodnul opustit \u0158\u00edm. P\u0159ipadalo mu, \u017ee si s nik\u00fdm nerozum\u00ed, nikdo ho neposlouch\u00e1 a v\u0161ichni ho cht\u011bj\u00ed zab\u00edt.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Odst\u011bhoval se na sv\u016fj obl\u00edben\u00fd ostrov Capri a odtud vl\u00e1dnul p\u00edsemn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edkazy, kter\u00e9 se postupem \u010dasu zm\u011bnily v pouh\u00e9 rozsudky smrti. P\u0159ed smrt\u00ed byl ka\u017ed\u00fd odsouzen\u00fd podroben krut\u00e9mu mu\u010den\u00ed. To se t\u00fdkalo i \u017een a d\u011bt\u00ed. Nav\u00edc m\u00e1 kat p\u0159\u00edkaz zbavit ka\u017edou neposkvrn\u011bnou d\u00edvku p\u0159ed smrt\u00ed panenstv\u00ed. Podle star\u00e9ho zvyku toti\u017e nemohla b\u00fdt u\u0161krcena panna. Mu\u010den\u00ed v\u011bz\u0148\u016f p\u0159itom c\u00edsa\u0159 r\u00e1d p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eel. Mrtv\u00e1 t\u011bla byla nakonec svr\u017eena z \u00fatesu, a pokud n\u011bkter\u00e1 z ob\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eila d\u011bsiv\u00fd p\u00e1d, \u010dekali dole voj\u00e1ci, aby ji dobili. \u0160\u00edlen\u00fd Tib\u00e9rius se do\u017eil t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 osmdes\u00e1ti let. Na konci \u017eivota u\u017e v\u0161ak byl jen shrben\u00fd zap\u0161kl\u00fd sta\u0159\u00edk s obli\u010dejem pokryt\u00fdm mokvaj\u00edc\u00edmi bol\u00e1ky.<\/p>
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Caligula<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Druh\u00e9mu c\u00edsa\u0159i, o kter\u00e9m bude \u0159e\u010d, p\u0159ezd\u00edvali \u201eBoti\u010dka\u201c podle vojensk\u00fdch bot, kter\u00e9 odmali\u010dka r\u00e1d nosil. Do mal\u00e9ho roztomil\u00e9ho ho\u0161\u00edka a vnuka c\u00edsa\u0159e Tib\u00e9ria by nikdo ne\u0159ekl, \u017ee bude jednou jedn\u00edm nejkrut\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vl\u00e1dc\u016f \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho imp\u00e9ria. Caligulovo d\u011btstv\u00ed prov\u00e1z\u00ed \u0159ada \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00edch situac\u00ed v podob\u011b rodinn\u00fdch trag\u00e9di\u00ed. V sedmi letech se dozv\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee jeho d\u011bd Tib\u00e9rius nechal zavra\u017edit jeho otce. Cel\u00e1 rodina byla pot\u00e9 trest\u00e1na, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho matka um\u0159ela po hladovce. Caligul\u016fv bratr byl vyhn\u00e1n z \u0158\u00edma a donucen k sebevra\u017ed\u011b a druh\u00fd bratr byl umu\u010den p\u0159\u00edmo v \u0158\u00edm\u011b. T\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed svou smrt\u00ed si p\u011btadvacetilet\u00e9ho Caligulu pozval c\u00edsa\u0159 Tib\u00e9rius na Capri, odkud pak jako nov\u00fd n\u00e1stupce p\u0159evzal moc. Tak za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da \u201ebestie na c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9m tr\u016fn\u011b\u201c.<\/p>
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Na po\u010d\u00e1tku vl\u00e1dy je Caligula velmi obl\u00edben\u00fd u sen\u00e1tu i lidu. Ov\u0161em ji\u017e na podzim roku 37 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu u n\u011bj propuk\u00e1 du\u0161evn\u00ed choroba a jeho doposud klidn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da se zm\u011bnila ve sn\u016f\u0161ku \u0161\u00edlen\u00fdch absurdit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Caligula propadnul bludu megalomanie \u2013 myslel si o sob\u011b, \u017ee je vyvolen\u00fd, prohla\u0161oval se za Boha a myslel si, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee \u00fapln\u011b v\u0161echno.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Nav\u00edc byl posti\u017een chorobnou satyri\u00e1zou (jinak hypersexualitou), prohl\u00e1sil v\u0161echny \u017eeny v \u0158\u00edm\u011b za sv\u00e9 man\u017eelky, a tak se jich mohl kdykoli zmocnit. D\u011bje se tak zejm\u00e9na b\u011bhem monstr\u00f3zn\u00edch orgi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 s oblibou po\u0159\u00e1dal. Za velmi skand\u00e1ln\u00ed je pova\u017eov\u00e1n jeho vztah se sestrou Drusillou, kterou prohl\u00e1sil za Bohyni. Bohapust\u00e9 orgie c\u00edsa\u0159 kombinuje s obl\u00edben\u00fdmi hrami, zejm\u00e9na dostihy a divadlem.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Syfilis: Nemoc, kterou do Evropy p\u0159ivezl Kry\u0161tof Kolumbus<\/a><\/h4>
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Jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed se v\u0161ak mnoh\u00fdm \u0158\u00edman\u016fm za\u010dalo zaj\u00eddat, jeliko\u017e brzy do\u0161lo na masivn\u00ed popravy kohokoliv, kdo se znel\u00edbil. O \u017eivot tak p\u0159i\u0161la cel\u00e1 \u0159ada \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch sen\u00e1tor\u016f. Jejich majetek byl zkonfiskov\u00e1n a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed aristokrat\u00e9 byli odsouzeni k nucen\u00fdm prac\u00edm. Postupem \u010dasu po\u017eitk\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd Caligula zruinoval st\u00e1tn\u00ed pokladnu. V\u0161em doch\u00e1z\u00ed s krut\u00fdm c\u00edsa\u0159em trp\u011blivost. Roku 41 tedy doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke spiknut\u00ed sen\u00e1tor\u016f, ke kter\u00fdm se p\u0159idali jezdci a dokonce i pretori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 garda ur\u010den\u00e1 k ochran\u011b c\u00edsa\u0159e. Dne 24. ledna byl Caligula p\u0159i n\u00e1vratu z divadla zavra\u017ed\u011bn spole\u010dn\u011b se svou man\u017eelkou a dcerou.<\/p>
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Nero<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Posledn\u00edm v na\u0161em panoptiku krutovl\u00e1dc\u016f je legend\u00e1rn\u00ed Nero, kter\u00fd byl jmenov\u00e1n c\u00edsa\u0159em po smrti sv\u00e9ho str\u00fdce Claudia. Po\u010d\u00e1tek jeho vl\u00e1dy byl spojen s hromadou slib\u016f, sen\u00e1tor\u016fm sl\u00edbil otev\u0159enou spolupr\u00e1ci. K t\u00e9 ov\u0161em nikdy nedo\u0161lo. A\u010dkoli byl jeho vychovatelem moudr\u00fd filozof Seneca, vymklo se chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161\u00edlen\u00e9ho Nera z mez\u00ed norm\u00e1lnosti velmi brzy. U\u017e jako \u010derstv\u00fd vl\u00e1dce nechal, na radu sv\u00e9 matky, otr\u00e1vit sv\u00e9ho potencion\u00e1ln\u00edho konkurenta, nevlastn\u00edho bratra Britanica. Roku 59 se u Nera rozvinou siln\u00e9 absolutistick\u00e9 sklony. Za\u010daly mu vadit neust\u00e1l\u00e9 mat\u010diny p\u0159\u00edkazy a z\u00e1kazy, a tak ji nechal jednodu\u0161e zavra\u017edit. Neronovi tak nic nebr\u00e1n\u00ed rozvinout svou krutovl\u00e1du dle libosti.<\/p>
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Jeho r\u00e1dci Neronovi na\u0161ept\u00e1vali, aby nechal odstranit svou man\u017eelku, a tak se taky stalo. Za man\u017eelku si pot\u00e9 vzal krutou kr\u00e1sku Poppaeyu Sabinu. Z\u00e1hy pak obnovil z\u00e1kon o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu, co\u017e mu otev\u0159elo cestu k hromadn\u00fdm \u010distk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Za\u010daly tak um\u00edrat tis\u00edce v\u00e1\u017een\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f \u0158\u00edma, sen\u00e1tor\u016f i prost\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Byli popraveni bez ohledu na m\u00edru provin\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Zat\u00edmco byl \u0158\u00edm ochromen Neronovou krutovl\u00e1dou, povstaly provincie. Cel\u00fdm imp\u00e9riem zm\u00edtala politick\u00e1 a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 krize. Nero v\u0161e vy\u0159e\u0161il po sv\u00e9m \u2013 nechal v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 m\u011bsto \u0158\u00edm podp\u00e1lit! O jeho vin\u011b se sice dodnes historici p\u0159ou, ov\u0161em existuje \u0159ada d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se domn\u00edvat, \u017ee \u017eh\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed m\u00e1 na sv\u011bdom\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b Nero. Vinu v\u0161ak sval\u00ed na n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou sektu \u2013 k\u0159es\u0165any. Tis\u00edce jich proto nechal uk\u0159i\u017eovat v cirku. Okolo roku 65 bylo nav\u00edc odhaleno spiknut\u00ed proti c\u00edsa\u0159i, tak\u017ee popravy nabraly masov\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy \u010desk\u00fdch kat\u016f: N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed m\u00e1lem sami skon\u010dili na popravi\u0161ti<\/a><\/h4>
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Vedle hrozn\u00fdch krutost\u00ed se c\u00edsa\u0159 tak\u00e9 r\u00e1d bavil. Po\u0159\u00e1dal obl\u00edben\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee \u010di divadeln\u00ed p\u0159edstaven\u00ed. Nejrad\u011bji m\u011bl ov\u0161em um\u011bleck\u00e9 ve\u010d\u00edrky, kde p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161el sv\u00e9 b\u00e1sn\u011b a sonety. S\u00e1m se toti\u017e pova\u017eoval za geni\u00e1ln\u00edho um\u011blce. Ve v\u0161ech hr\u00e1ch a sout\u011b\u017e\u00edch musel v\u017edy vyhr\u00e1t. Nakonec byl svr\u017een pretori\u00e1nskou gardou a prchnul z \u0158\u00edma. Na \u00fat\u011bku pak sp\u00e1chal sebevra\u017edu.<\/p>
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Pov\u011bsti o krutostech a \u0161\u00edlenostech t\u011bchto vlada\u0159\u016f p\u0159ekonaly v\u011bky a jejich jm\u00e9na se stala synonymem zvrhlosti star\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 d\u011bjiny jsou pot\u0159\u00edsn\u011bny krv\u00ed. Vedle spousty moudr\u00fdch a state\u010dn\u00fdch vl\u00e1dc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se zaslou\u017eili o neobvykl\u00fd rozkv\u011bt sv\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, stoj\u00ed daleko po\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159ada \u0161\u00edlenc\u016f a krut\u00fdch vrah\u016f, jejich\u017e vl\u00e1da byla pln\u00e1 orgi\u00ed, mu\u010den\u00ed a vra\u017ed. P\u0159edstavujeme v\u00e1m t\u0159i individua, kter\u00e1 vynikala nad v\u0161emi vy\u0161inut\u00fdmi c\u00edsa\u0159i a rozs\u00e9vala zmar a hr\u016fzu. V\u0161ichni t\u0159i by se dali […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6440,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[387],"tags":[1741,1735,1734,87,1739,1234,1737,475,1736,1738,1740,1742],"class_list":["post-6438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","tag-caligula","tag-cisar","tag-cisari","tag-historie","tag-nero","tag-psychopat","tag-psychopati","tag-rim","tag-rimska-rise","tag-silenci","tag-tiberius","tag-vladci"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u0159i nej\u0161\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159i: Krut\u00fd Tiberius, psychopat Caligula a pomaten\u00fd Nero - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 d\u011bjiny jsou pot\u0159\u00edsn\u011bny krv\u00ed. 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