{"id":7705,"date":"2019-08-18T06:00:49","date_gmt":"2019-08-18T04:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=7705"},"modified":"2019-06-21T14:42:41","modified_gmt":"2019-06-21T12:42:41","slug":"pred-padesati-lety-se-upil-k-smrti-jack-kerouac-blazen-do-zivota","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/pred-padesati-lety-se-upil-k-smrti-jack-kerouac-blazen-do-zivota\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159ed pades\u00e1ti lety se upil k smrti Jack Kerouac, bl\u00e1zen do \u017eivota"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hn\u00e1ni touhou po absolutn\u00ed svobod\u011b a po nov\u00fdch pro\u017eitc\u00edch vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed se na cestu, na n\u00ed\u017e je prov\u00e1z\u00ed jazz, drogy, sex a v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 debaty o literatu\u0159e a filozofii. Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstavitelem t\u00e9to generace, j\u00ed\u017e pr\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b on vymyslel p\u0159\u00edzvisko beat (zbit\u00e1), byl americk\u00fd spisovatel Jack Kerouac. Jeho nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rom\u00e1n Na cest\u011b, pova\u017eovan\u00fd za bibli beatn\u00edk\u016f i hippies, se mu ale nakonec z\u0159ejm\u011b stal osudn\u00fdm. Kerouac neunesl sl\u00e1vu, uch\u00fdlil se do \u00fastran\u00ed a pil. Alkohol ho zabil p\u0159ed 50 lety 21. \u0159\u00edjna v jeho 47 letech.<\/strong><\/p>
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“Jedin\u00ed opravdov\u00ed lidi, co zn\u00e1m, jsou bl\u00e1zni, bl\u00e1zni do \u017eivota,\u2026ti, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed m\u00edt v\u0161echno – a hned!, kte\u0159\u00ed nikdy nez\u00edvaj\u00ed a ne\u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed v\u011bci-co-se-slu\u0161\u00ed, ale ho\u0159\u00ed, ho\u0159\u00ed, ho\u0159\u00ed,” p\u00ed\u0161e Kerouac v autobiografick\u00e9m rom\u00e1nu Na cest\u011b<\/strong>, kter\u00fd poprv\u00e9 vy\u0161el v roce 1957 a kter\u00fd je n\u011bkter\u00fdmi pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f o beatnick\u00e9 generaci. Objevuje se v n\u011bm pod pseudonymy \u0159ada jej\u00edch dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f, jako Allen Ginsberg, William Burroughs \u010di Neal Cassady, Kerouack\u016fv osudov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edtel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b Cassady toti\u017e Kerouaca inspiroval k “\u017eivotu na cest\u011b” a jeho \u010dty\u0159icetistr\u00e1nkov\u00fd dopis napsan\u00fd v jedn\u00e9 nep\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9 v\u011bt\u011b mu byl impulzem k nov\u00e9 spisovatelsk\u00e9 form\u011b – takzvan\u00e9mu spont\u00e1nn\u00edmu psan\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Rom\u00e1n Na cest\u011b tak Kerouac p\u016fvodn\u011b napsal jako proud v\u011bdom\u00ed a vzpom\u00ednek na putov\u00e1n\u00ed po Americe bez interpunkce a odstavc\u016f. V takov\u00e9 podob\u011b, kterou sepsal pr\u00fd za t\u0159i t\u00fddny v roce 1951 na roli pap\u00edru, mu ho ale odm\u00edtli vydat, mimo jin\u00e9 proto, \u017ee obsahoval otev\u0159en\u00e9 erotick\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny, v\u010detn\u011b homosexu\u00e1ln\u00edch. Rukopisn\u00fd svitek vy\u0161el poprv\u00e9 v USA a\u017e v roce 2007.<\/p>
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Vydavatel \u017e\u00e1dal pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b redak\u010dn\u011b i samotn\u00fdm autorem upraven\u00e1 verze z roku 1957 se stala takov\u00fdm bestsellerem, \u017ee vydavatel po\u017eadoval pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed. T\u00edm se stali rok nato Dharmov\u00ed tul\u00e1ci<\/strong>, op\u011bt siln\u011b autobiografick\u00fd rom\u00e1n, jen\u017e m\u00e1 formu “cesty”, na n\u00ed\u017e je sv\u011bt mejdan\u016f, voln\u00e9 l\u00e1sky a liter\u00e1rn\u00edch seanc\u00ed prolo\u017een meditativn\u00edmi zenbuddhistick\u00fdm pas\u00e1\u017eemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u010d to tak na prvn\u00ed pohled nevypad\u00e1, line se cel\u00fdm Kerouacov\u00fdm d\u00edlem zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed melancholie a obsese smrt\u00ed, pom\u00edjivost\u00ed a z\u00e1nikem.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Ko\u0159eny tohoto jeho celo\u017eivotn\u00edho pocitu sahaj\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u011b do spisovatelova d\u011btstv\u00ed – kdy\u017e mu byly \u010dty\u0159i, zem\u0159el mu star\u0161\u00ed bratr. V Kerouacov\u00fdch knih\u00e1ch se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 jeho plachost a uzav\u0159enost, kterou p\u0159ekon\u00e1val alkoholem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Zat\u010den pro napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed k vra\u017ed\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jean-Louis Lebris de Kerouac se narodil 12. b\u0159ezna 1922 v m\u011bste\u010dku Lowell v Massachusetts. Jeho p\u0159edkov\u00e9 poch\u00e1zeli z francouzsk\u00e9ho \u0161lechtick\u00e9ho rodu a do USA p\u0159i\u0161li p\u0159es Kanadu (o Kerouacov\u011b cest\u011b za \u0161lechtick\u00fdmi p\u0159edky pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 jeho kniha Satori v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei<\/strong>). D\u00edky sportovn\u00edmu talentu z\u00edskal Kerouac jako hr\u00e1\u010d americk\u00e9ho fotbalu stipendium na Columbijsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b v New Yorku, \u0161kolu v\u0161ak nedokon\u010dil. V roce 1943 nastoupil dobrovoln\u011b k vojensk\u00e9mu n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvu, odkud byl v\u0161ak asi po m\u011bs\u00edci propu\u0161t\u011bn pro psychickou labilitu.<\/p>
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V roce 1944 byl Kerouac zat\u010den pro napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed k vra\u017ed\u011b sv\u00e9mu kamar\u00e1dovi, kter\u00fd se tak pr\u00fd ubr\u00e1nil homosexu\u00e1ln\u00edmu zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed. Z vazby Kerouaca vykoupila jeho tehdej\u0161\u00ed d\u00edvka Edie Parkerov\u00e1, kterou si z vd\u011b\u010dnosti vzal. Svazek ale dlouho nevydr\u017eel, stejn\u011b jako jeho druh\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed s Joan Havertyovou, s n\u00ed\u017e m\u011bl Kerouac sv\u00e9 jedin\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b – dceru Janet Michelle (1952-1996). Pot\u0159et\u00ed se o\u017eenil se Stellou Sampasovou.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Jak\u00e9 byly gangy v Birminghamu? Seri\u00e1lov\u00ed Peaky Blinders se od t\u011bch skute\u010dn\u00fdch po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed<\/a><\/h4>
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\u010cesky vy\u0161el z Kerouacova d\u00edla jako prvn\u00ed v roce 1963 soubor pov\u00eddek \u0158\u00edjen v \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed zemi<\/strong>, n\u00e1sledoval v roce 1978 rom\u00e1n Na cest\u011b<\/strong> a do revoluce v roce 1989 vy\u0161el ji\u017e jen Mag<\/strong>, p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \u010derno\u0161sk\u00e9ho chlapce cestuj\u00edc\u00edho s bratrem nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Amerikou. Po roce 1989 vy\u0161la \u010desky \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch jeho d\u011bl, mimo jin\u00e9 Big Sur, Podzemn\u00edci, And\u011bl\u00e9 pustiny<\/strong> (t\u00e9\u017e jako And\u011bl\u00e9 zoufalstv\u00ed) \u010di Kniha sn\u016f<\/strong>.<\/p>
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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


P\u0159ekladatelsk\u00fdm o\u0159\u00ed\u0161kem Kerouacova voln\u00e9ho psan\u00ed jsou jeho b\u00e1sn\u011b. V \u010cR vy\u0161ly v roce 1995 Rozpr\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 b\u00e1sn\u011b\/Scattered poems<\/strong> a rok nato P\u00edsmo zlat\u00e9 v\u011b\u010dnosti\/The Scripture of the Golden Eternity<\/strong> – ob\u011b v dvojjazy\u010dn\u00e9m vyd\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eMoj\u00ed chybou a slabinou nejsou moje v\u00e1\u0161n\u011b, ale m\u00e1 neschopnost ovl\u00e1dat je.\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Co \u010dte boh\u00e1\u010d Bill Gates? 5 jeho tip\u016f na knihy roku<\/a><\/h4>

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Hn\u00e1ni touhou po absolutn\u00ed svobod\u011b a po nov\u00fdch pro\u017eitc\u00edch vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed se na cestu, na n\u00ed\u017e je prov\u00e1z\u00ed jazz, drogy, sex a v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 debaty o literatu\u0159e a filozofii. Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstavitelem t\u00e9to generace, j\u00ed\u017e pr\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b on vymyslel p\u0159\u00edzvisko beat (zbit\u00e1), byl americk\u00fd spisovatel Jack Kerouac. Jeho nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rom\u00e1n Na cest\u011b, pova\u017eovan\u00fd za bibli beatn\u00edk\u016f i hippies, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[387,71,1846],"tags":[400,2000,1999,87,2002,856,857,31,858,1998,775,2001,307,1782,920],"class_list":["post-7705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-kultura","category-literatura","tag-alkohol","tag-beat-generation","tag-beatnici","tag-historie","tag-jack-kerouack","tag-kniha","tag-knihy","tag-kultura","tag-literatura","tag-na-ceste","tag-osobnost","tag-roman","tag-smrt","tag-spisovatel","tag-vyroci"],"yoast_head":"\nP\u0159ed pades\u00e1ti lety se upil k smrti Jack Kerouac, bl\u00e1zen do \u017eivota - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hn\u00e1ni touhou po absolutn\u00ed svobod\u011b a po nov\u00fdch pro\u017eitc\u00edch vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed se na cestu, na n\u00ed\u017e je prov\u00e1z\u00ed jazz, drogy, sex a v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 debaty o literatu\u0159e a filozofii. 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