{"id":912,"date":"2018-04-25T14:18:54","date_gmt":"2018-04-25T12:18:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/?p=912"},"modified":"2018-11-02T13:21:55","modified_gmt":"2018-11-02T12:21:55","slug":"tank-se-zrodil-za-1-svetove-valky-tady-jsou-prvni-z-nich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/tank-se-zrodil-za-1-svetove-valky-tady-jsou-prvni-z-nich\/","title":{"rendered":"Tank se zrodil za 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky \u2013 tady jsou prvn\u00ed z nich"},"content":{"rendered":"

Za prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky se tank zrodil jako nov\u00fd bojov\u00fd prost\u0159edek ur\u010den\u00fd k\u00a0prora\u017een\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch lini\u00ed. K\u00a0tomuto \u00fa\u010delu byl vybaven siln\u00fdm panc\u00ed\u0159em a housenkov\u00fdmi p\u00e1sy, s\u00a0jejich\u017e pomoc\u00ed p\u0159ekon\u00e1val i velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd ter\u00e9n. Vznik vozidla si vynutila patov\u00e1 situace na Z\u00e1padn\u00ed front\u011b, jako prvn\u00ed jich pou\u017eili v\u00a0boji Britov\u00e9. Postupn\u011b se p\u0159idali i Francouzi a v\u00a0mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed tak\u00e9 N\u011bmci. Na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch \u0159\u00e1dc\u00edch je n\u011bkolik nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch tank\u016f tohoto obdob\u00ed. Pokud v\u00e1m prad\u011bde\u010dkov\u00e9 dne\u0161n\u00edch tank\u016f T-72 a Abrams\u016f p\u0159ipadaj\u00ed jako nemotorn\u00e9 ocelov\u00e9 krabice, nejste daleko od pravdy. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pr\u00e1v\u011b tyhle neohraban\u00e9 nestv\u016fry p\u0159\u00edmo uk\u00e1zaly, jak\u00fdm sm\u011brem se vyd\u00e1 mechanizovan\u00e9 v\u00e1l\u010den\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

A7V-U<\/p><\/div>\n

A7V (N\u011bmecko)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

TTD: D\u00e9lka: 734 cm; \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka: 310 cm; Hmotnost: 30 tun; Rychlost: 9 km\/h<\/em><\/p>\n

Jedin\u00fd s\u00e9riov\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fd tank n\u011bmeck\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy za I. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Jednalo o obrovsk\u00e9 vozidlo, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0boji ovl\u00e1dala pos\u00e1dka \u0161estn\u00e1cti mu\u017e\u016f. Mimo n\u00edzk\u00e9 rychlosti, spole\u010dn\u00e9 tak\u0159ka v\u0161em tehdej\u0161\u00edm tank\u016fm, pat\u0159ila mezi jeho probl\u00e9my i nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 stabilita dan\u00e1 kr\u00e1tk\u00fdmi p\u00e1sy a rozm\u011brnou korbou. Celkov\u011b bylo postaveno pouh\u00fdch dvacet kus\u016f, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e m\u011bli N\u011bmci ve sv\u00e9 v\u00fdzbroji v\u00edce tank\u016f uko\u0159ist\u011bn\u00fdch ne\u017e vlastn\u00edch. P\u0159es v\u0161echny nedostatky pat\u0159\u00ed tomuto typu jedno prvenstv\u00ed, nebo\u0165 se stal prvn\u00edm v\u00edt\u011bzem souboje tank proti tanku. Vzhledem ke zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fdm v\u00fdrobn\u00edm po\u010dt\u016fm nemohl m\u00edt A7V na v\u00fdvoj v\u00e1lky \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vliv.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Mark<\/a>

Mark I (Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie)<\/p><\/div>\n

Mark I (Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie)<\/span><\/h2>\n

TTD: D\u00e9lka: 994 cm; \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka: 433 cm; Hmotnost: 28 tun; Rychlost: 8 km\/h.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Britsk\u00fd tank s\u00a0charakteristick\u00fdm profilem ve tvaru kosod\u00e9ln\u00edku. Vozidla s\u00a0t\u00edmto vzhledem se stala jak\u00fdmsi synonymem pro v\u0161echny tanky obdob\u00ed I. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tento typ se stal prvn\u00edm sv\u00e9ho druhu nasazen\u00fdm v\u00a0bojov\u00e9 situaci. Do\u0161lo k\u00a0tomu roku 1916 b\u011bhem bitvy na Somm\u011b. Na n\u011bmeck\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed se s\u00a0ni\u010d\u00edm podobn\u00fdm nikdy nesetkali a v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b nevlastnili adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed protitankov\u00e9 zbran\u011b, m\u011bl velice siln\u00fd psychologick\u00fd vliv. Bojov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti tanku v\u0161ak na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b shazovala n\u00edzk\u00e1 rychlost, ne zrovna ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fchodnost v\u00a0bahnit\u00e9m ter\u00e9nu a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u010dast\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 poruchy. Stroj obsluhovala pos\u00e1dka osmi lid\u00ed. Kolesa na z\u00e1di tanku slou\u017eila ke zm\u011bn\u011b sm\u011bru j\u00edzdy.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Mark V (Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie)<\/p><\/div>\n

Mark V (Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

TTD: D\u00e9lka: 850 cm; \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka: 419 cm; Hmotnost: 29 tun; Rychlost: 7 km\/h.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Posledn\u00ed z\u00a0britsk\u00fdch tank\u016f, kter\u00fd se je\u0161t\u011b do\u010dkal bojov\u00e9ho nasazen\u00ed v\u00a0dob\u011b I. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Na boji\u0161ti se objevil v\u00a0roce 1918 a oproti sv\u00fdm p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016fm nab\u00edzel n\u011bkter\u00e1 vylep\u0161en\u00ed. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159ila p\u0159evodovka nebo kupole, z\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e m\u011bl velitel tanku lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhled na boji\u0161t\u011b kolem a mohl tak l\u00e9pe reagovat na situaci. T\u011bchto vozidel se vyrobilo asi 400 kus\u016f a jejich slu\u017eba pokra\u010dovala i po v\u00e1lce. Na stran\u011b Brit\u016f se \u00fa\u010dastnil rusk\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, do sv\u00e9 v\u00fdzbroje ho zavedla tak\u00e9 estonsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da. Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0dob\u011b II. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky se n\u011bkter\u00e9 exempl\u00e1\u0159e nach\u00e1zely u kanadsk\u00fdch jednotek, kde v\u0161ak slou\u017eily ji\u017e jen pro v\u00fdcvik.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Renault<\/a>

Renault FT-17 (Francie)<\/p><\/div>\n

Renault FT-17 (Francie)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

TTD: D\u00e9lka: 410 cm; \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka: 174 cm; Hmotnost: 6,5 tun; Rychlost: 8 km\/h.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159edstavoval nejmodern\u011bji \u0159e\u0161en\u00fd tank I. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Zat\u00edmco v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed typy m\u011bly v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00fdzbroj soust\u0159ed\u011bnou v\u00a0korb\u011b, dostal FT-17 pro v\u00fdvoj tank\u016f nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eitou novinku, a sice kulomet \u010di kan\u00f3n v\u00a0ot\u00e1\u010div\u011b v\u011b\u017ei. Oproti sv\u00fdm sou\u010dasn\u00edk\u016fm byl tak\u00e9 men\u0161\u00ed a leh\u010d\u00ed. Jeho v\u00fdznam nav\u00edc umoc\u0148uj\u00ed po\u010dty, v\u00a0nich\u017e se dostal na frontu. Jen b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky vzniklo kolem 3\u00a0000 kus\u016f a produkce pokra\u010dovala i po roce 1918. O toto vozidlo projevily z\u00e1jem i dal\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1ty a stal se nap\u0159. prvn\u00edm tankem \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, kter\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvala sedm t\u011bchto kus\u016f a\u017e do t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch let. Ve francouzsk\u00e9\u00a0arm\u00e1d\u011b ho sice postupn\u011b nahrazovala modern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vozidla, nicm\u00e9n\u011b u jednotek z\u016fstal je\u0161t\u011b za II. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kdy jejich zna\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det uko\u0159istili N\u011bmci. Ti se postarali tak\u00e9 o jeho posledn\u00ed bojov\u00e9 vystoupen\u00ed (FT-17 je tak pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b prvov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm tankem s\u00a0nejdel\u0161\u00ed bojovou kari\u00e9rou), k\u00a0n\u011bmu\u017e do\u0161lo roku 1944 p\u0159i pouli\u010dn\u00edch boj\u00edch v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei. Net\u0159eba dod\u00e1vat, \u017ee \u0161ance tohoto obstaro\u017en\u00edho prost\u0159edku na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed se v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b rovnala nule.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Za prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky se tank zrodil jako nov\u00fd bojov\u00fd prost\u0159edek ur\u010den\u00fd k\u00a0prora\u017een\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch lini\u00ed. K\u00a0tomuto \u00fa\u010delu byl vybaven siln\u00fdm panc\u00ed\u0159em a housenkov\u00fdmi p\u00e1sy, s\u00a0jejich\u017e pomoc\u00ed p\u0159ekon\u00e1val i velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd ter\u00e9n. Vznik vozidla si vynutila patov\u00e1 situace na Z\u00e1padn\u00ed front\u011b, jako prvn\u00ed jich pou\u017eili v\u00a0boji Britov\u00e9. Postupn\u011b se p\u0159idali i Francouzi a v\u00a0mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed tak\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":907,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kk_blocks_editor_width":"","_kiokenblocks_attr":"","_kiokenblocks_dimensions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[387,65,68],"tags":[350,116,353,351,352,356,358,354,357,349,355],"class_list":["post-912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-technika","category-zbrane","tag-a7v","tag-boj","tag-ft-17","tag-mark-i","tag-mark-v","tag-nemci","tag-pasy","tag-prvni-svetova-valka","tag-t-72","tag-tank","tag-zapadni-fronta"],"yoast_head":"\nTank se zrodil za 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky \u2013 tady jsou prvn\u00ed z nich - Mzone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Internetov\u00fd magaz\u00edn nejen pro mu\u017ee. P\u00ed\u0161eme o \u017een\u00e1ch, novink\u00e1ch ze sv\u011bta aut a motorek, zaj\u00edm\u00e1 n\u00e1s v\u011bda a technika, m\u00e1me r\u00e1di adrenalin.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mzone.cz\/en\/tank-se-zrodil-za-1-svetove-valky-tady-jsou-prvni-z-nich\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tank se zrodil za 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky \u2013 tady jsou prvn\u00ed z nich - Mzone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Internetov\u00fd magaz\u00edn nejen pro mu\u017ee. 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